waves-16-arma

commit 83e043a0709ffeeaa8fe00d98339149ed98317a0
parent f6e603114e163444b09be9907a4519348ff3be26
Author: Ivan Gankevich <igankevich@ya.ru>
Date:   Tue, 30 May 2017 18:54:56 +0300

Insert the text into the springer template.

Diffstat:
.gitignore
 | 
1
+
arma.org
 | 
76
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------------------
preamble.tex
 | 
23
+++++++++++++++++++++--
styles/spbasic.bst
 | 
1659
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
styles/spmpsci.bst
 | 
1513
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
styles/spphys.bst
 | 
1442
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
styles/svind.ist
 | 
7
+++++++
styles/svindd.ist
 | 
8
++++++++
svmult.cls
 | 
2369
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

9 files changed, 7067 insertions(+), 31 deletions(-)
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/build/
diff --git a/arma.org b/arma.org
@@ -1,13 +1,26 @@
+# Local Variables:
+# org-ref-default-bibliography ("refs.bib")
+# org-latex-image-default-width nil
+# org-latex-caption-above nil
+# org-latex-hyperref-template "\\hypersetup{\n pdfauthor={%a},\n pdftitle={%t},\n pdfkeywords={%k},\n pdfsubject={%d},\n pdfcreator={%c},\n pdflang={%L},\n unicode={true}\n}\n\\setdefaultlanguage{%l}\n"
+# org-export-latex-tables-hline "\\midrule"
+# org-export-latex-tables-tstart "\\toprule"
+# org-export-latex-tables-tend "\\bottomrule"
+# End:
+
 #+TITLE: Simulation of standing and propagating sea waves with three-dimensional ARMA model
 #+AUTHOR: Ivan Gankevich, Alexander Degtyarev
 #+LANGUAGE: en
-#+LATEX_CLASS: scrartcl
-#+LATEX_CLASS_OPTIONS:
+#+LATEX_CLASS: svmult
+#+LATEX_CLASS_OPTIONS: [graybox]
 #+LATEX_HEADER_EXTRA: \input{preamble}
+#+LATEX_HEADER_EXTRA: \titlerunning{Simulation of sea waves with ARMA model}
+#+LATEX_HEADER_EXTRA: \authorrunning{I.\:Gankevich, A.\:Degtyarev}
 #+OPTIONS: H:5 todo:nil toc:nil
-#+PROPERTY: header-args:R :results graphics :exports results
+#+PROPERTY: header-args:R :results graphics :exports results :family Times
 
-#+begin_abstract 
+#+begin_export latex
+\abstract*{%
 Simulation of sea waves is a problem appearing in the framework of developing
 software-based ship motion modelling applications. These applications generally
 use linear wave theory to generate small-amplitude waves programmatically and
@@ -21,8 +34,9 @@ implementation shows superior performance by relying on fast Fourier transform
 family of algorithms. Integral characteristics of wavy surface produced by ARMA
 model are verified against the ones of real sea surface. Despite all its
 advantages, ARMA model requires a new method to determine wave pressures, an
-instance of which is included in the paper.
-#+end_abstract
+instance of which is included in the chapter.%
+}
+#+end_export
 
 * Introduction
 Studying behaviour of a ship at sea is often based on some model of external
@@ -175,7 +189,7 @@ generated surface is compatible with real ocean surface, and is not abstract
 multi-dimensional stochastic process that is real only statistically.
 
 ** Pressure field determination formulae
-**** Small amplitude waves theory.
+**** Small amplitude waves theory
 In\nbsp{}cite:stab2012,degtyarev1998modelling,degtyarev1997analysis the authors
 propose a solution for inverse problem of hydrodynamics of potential flow within
 the framework of small-amplitude wave theory (under assumption that wave length
@@ -222,7 +236,7 @@ that\nbsp{}eqref:eq-old-sol-2d diverges when attempted to calculate velocity
 field for large amplitude waves, and this is the reason that it can not be used
 together with ARMA model, that generates arbitrary amplitude waves.
 
-**** Linearisation of boundary condition.
+**** Linearisation of boundary condition
 :PROPERTIES:
 :CUSTOM_ID: linearisation
 :END:
@@ -239,7 +253,7 @@ are plugged to dynamic boundary condition to obtain pressures.
 
 * Three-dimensional ARMA process as a sea wave simulation model
 
-ARMA ocean simulation model defines ocean wavy surface as three-dimensional (two
+ARMA ocean simulation model defines wavy surface as three-dimensional (two
 dimensions in space and one in time) autoregressive moving average process:
 every surface point is represented as a weighted sum of previous in time and
 space points plus weighted sum of previous in time and space normally
@@ -272,8 +286,8 @@ rational factorized form\nbsp{}cite:rozhkov1990):
 \begin{equation*}
   S(\omega) =
   \frac{\Delta\sigma^2}{\pi}
-  \frac{\prod\limits_m (1 - z_m e^{-im\omega\delta})(1 - z_m e^{im\omega\delta})}
-       {\prod\limits_n (1 - p_n e^{-in\omega\delta})(1 - p_n e^{in\omega\delta})},
+  \frac{\prod\limits_m (1 - z_m e^{-im\omega\Delta})(1 - z_m e^{im\omega\Delta})}
+       {\prod\limits_n (1 - p_n e^{-in\omega\Delta})(1 - p_n e^{in\omega\Delta})},
 \end{equation*}
 where \(z_m\) and \(p_n\) are the zeros of numerator (MA), and denominator (AR),
 respectively, which form a pair of mutually conjugate numbers. If some of the
@@ -489,7 +503,7 @@ process might increase model precision, which is one of the objectives of the
 future research.
 
 ** The shape of ACF for different types of waves
-**** Analytic method of finding the ACF.
+**** Analytic method of finding the ACF
 The straightforward way to find ACF for a given ocean wave profile is to apply
 Wiener---Khinchin theorem. According to this theorem the autocorrelation \(K\) of
 a function \(\zeta\) is given by the Fourier transform of the absolute square of
@@ -507,7 +521,7 @@ programme. Then for practical usage it can be approximated by superposition of
 exponentially decaying cosines (which is how ACF of a stationary ARMA process
 looks like\nbsp{}cite:box1976time).
 
-**** Empirical method of finding the ACF.
+**** Empirical method of finding the ACF
 However, for three-dimensional case there exists simpler empirical method which
 does not require sophisticated software to determine shape of the ACF. It is
 known that ACF represented by exponentially decaying cosines satisfies first
@@ -521,7 +535,7 @@ resulting function as ACF. So, this empirical method is imprecise but offers
 simpler alternative to Wiener---Khinchin theorem approach; it is mainly useful
 to test ARMA model.
 
-**** Standing wave ACF.
+**** Standing wave ACF
 For three-dimensional plain standing wave the profile is given by
 \begin{equation}
   \zeta(t, x, y) = A \sin (k_x x + k_y y) \sin (\sigma t).
@@ -559,7 +573,7 @@ match\nbsp{}eqref:eq-standing-wave-acf. This can be done either by changing the
 phase of the sine, or by substituting sine with cosine to move the maximum of
 the function to the origin of coordinates.
 
-**** Propagating wave ACF.
+**** Propagating wave ACF
 Three-dimensional profile of plain propagating wave is given by
 \begin{equation}
   \zeta(t, x, y) = A \cos (\sigma t + k_x x + k_y y).
@@ -577,7 +591,7 @@ For the empirical method the wave profile is simply multiplied by a decaying
 exponent without need to adapt the maximum value of ACF (as it is required for
 standing wave).
 
-**** Comparison of studied methods.
+**** Comparison of studied methods
 To summarise, the analytic method of finding ocean wave's ACF reduces to the
 following steps.
 - Make wave profile decay when approaching \(\pm\infty\) by multiplying it by
@@ -637,9 +651,10 @@ in
 fig.\nbsp{}[[propagating-wave-distributions]],\nbsp{}[[standing-wave-distributions]],\nbsp{}[[acf-slices]].
 
 #+name: propagating-wave-distributions
+#+header: :width 4.5 :height 5
 #+begin_src R :file build/propagating-wave-qqplots.pdf
 source(file.path("R", "common.R"))
-par(pty="s", mfrow=c(2, 2))
+par(pty="s", mfrow=c(2, 2), mai = c(1, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2))
 arma.qqplot_grid(
   file.path("build", "propagating_wave"),
   c("elevation", "heights_y", "lengths_y", "periods"),
@@ -655,9 +670,10 @@ arma.qqplot_grid(
 [[file:build/propagating-wave-qqplots.pdf]]
 
 #+name: standing-wave-distributions
+#+header: :width 4.5 :height 5
 #+begin_src R :file build/standing-wave-qqplots.pdf
 source(file.path("R", "common.R"))
-par(pty="s", mfrow=c(2, 2))
+par(pty="s", mfrow=c(2, 2), mai = c(1, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2))
 arma.qqplot_grid(
   file.path("build", "standing_wave"),
   c("elevation", "heights_y", "lengths_y", "periods"),
@@ -673,12 +689,12 @@ arma.qqplot_grid(
 [[file:build/standing-wave-qqplots.pdf]]
 
 #+name: acf-slices
-#+header: :width 6 :height 9
+#+header: :width 4.5 :height 7
 #+begin_src R :file build/acf-slices.pdf
 source(file.path("R", "common.R"))
 propagating_acf <- read.csv(file.path("build", "propagating_wave", "acf.csv"))
 standing_acf <- read.csv(file.path("build", "standing_wave", "acf.csv"))
-par(mfrow=c(5, 2), mar=c(0,0,0,0))
+par(mfrow=c(5, 2), mar=c(0,0,0,0), mai=c(0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1))
 for (i in seq(0, 4)) {
   arma.wavy_plot(standing_acf, i, zlim=c(-5,5))
   arma.wavy_plot(propagating_acf, i, zlim=c(-5,5))
@@ -797,7 +813,7 @@ condition\nbsp{}--- Robin problem.
 :PROPERTIES:
 :CUSTOM_ID: sec:pressure-2d
 :END:
-**** Formula for infinite depth fluid.
+**** Formula for infinite depth fluid
 Two-dimensional Laplace equation with Robin boundary condition is written as
 \begin{align}
     \label{eq-problem-2d}
@@ -888,7 +904,7 @@ problem is alleviated by using formula\nbsp{}eqref:eq-solution-2d-full for finit
 depth fluid with wittingly large depth \(h\). This formula is derived in the
 following section.
 
-**** Formula for finite depth fluid.
+**** Formula for finite depth fluid
 On the sea bottom vertical fluid velocity component equals nought: \(\phi_z=0\) on
 \(z=-h\), where \(h\)\nbsp{}--- water depth. In this case equation \(v=-{i}{u}\), which came
 from Laplace equation, can not be neglected, hence the solution is sought in the
@@ -942,7 +958,7 @@ where \(\FunSecond{z}\)\nbsp{}--- a function, form of which is defined in
 sec.\nbsp{}[[#sec:compute-delta]] and which satisfies equation
 \(\FourierY{\FunSecond{z}}{u}=\Sinh{2\pi{u}{z}}\).
 
-**** Reducing to the formulae from linear wave theory.
+**** Reducing to the formulae from linear wave theory
 Check the validity of derived formulae by substituting \(\zeta(x,t)\) with known
 analytic formula for plain waves. Symbolic computation of Fourier transforms in
 this section were performed in Mathematica\nbsp{}cite:mathematica10. In the
@@ -1003,7 +1019,7 @@ depth difference near free surface is negligible). So, for sufficiently large
 depth any function (\(\cosh\) or \(\sinh\)) may be used for velocity potential
 computation near free surface.
 
-Reducing\nbsp{}eqref:eq-solution-2d и\nbsp{}eqref:eq-solution-2d-full to the
+Reducing\nbsp{}eqref:eq-solution-2d and\nbsp{}eqref:eq-solution-2d-full to the
 known formulae from linear wave theory shows, that formula for infinite
 depth\nbsp{}eqref:eq-solution-2d is not suitable to compute velocity potentials
 with Fourier method, because it does not have symmetry, which is required for
@@ -1090,7 +1106,7 @@ where \(\FourierY{\mathcal{D}_3\left(x,y,z\right)}{u,v}=\Sinh{\smash{2\pi\Kvecle
 :CUSTOM_ID: sec:compare-formulae
 :END:
 
-Comparing obtained generic formulae\nbsp}{}eqref:eq-solution-2d
+Comparing obtained generic formulae\nbsp{}eqref:eq-solution-2d
 and\nbsp{}eqref:eq-solution-2d-full to the known formulae from linear wave
 theory allows to see the difference between velocity fields for both large and
 small amplitude waves. In general analytic formula for velocity potential in not
@@ -1098,7 +1114,7 @@ known, even for plain waves, so comparison is done numerically. Taking into
 account conclusions of\nbsp{}[[#sec:pressure-2d]], only finite depth formulae are
 compared.
 
-**** The difference with linear wave theory formulae.
+**** The difference with linear wave theory formulae
 In order to obtain velocity potential fields, ocean wavy surface was generated
 by AR model with varying wave amplitude. In numerical implementation wave
 numbers in Fourier transforms were chosen on the interval from \(0\) to the
@@ -1164,7 +1180,7 @@ arma.plot_velocity_potential_field_legend(
 #+RESULTS: fig-potential-field-nonlinear
 [[file:build/plain-wave-velocity-field-comparison.pdf]]
 
-**** The difference with small-amplitude wave theory.
+**** The difference with small-amplitude wave theory
 The experiment, in which velocity fields produced numerically by different
 formulae were compared, shows that velocity fields produced by formula
 eqref:eq-solution-2d-full and eqref:eq-old-sol-2d correspond to each other for
@@ -1269,8 +1285,10 @@ the size of the parts should be sufficiently small to balance the load on all
 processor cores.
 
 #+name: fig-ramp-up-interval
+#+header: :width 4.5 :height 5
 #+begin_src R :file build/ramp-up-interval.pdf
 source(file.path("R", "common.R"))
+par(mar=c(0,1,0,0))
 arma.plot_ramp_up_interval()
 #+end_src
 
@@ -1285,7 +1303,7 @@ arma.plot_ramp_up_interval()
 :END:
 
 In solutions eqref:eq-solution-2d and eqref:eq-solution-2d-full to
-two-dimensional pressure determination problem there are functions
+two-dimensional problem there are functions
 \(\Fun{z}=\InverseFourierY{e^{2\pi{u}{z}}}{x}\) and
 \(\FunSecond{z}=\InverseFourierY{\Sinh{2\pi{u}{z}}}{x}\) which has multiple
 analytic representations and are difficult to compute. Each function is a
@@ -1439,5 +1457,5 @@ on parallel machines.
 The future work is to make ARMA mathematical apparatus and its numerical
 implementation a base of virtual testbed for marine objects dynamics studies.
 
-bibliographystyle:plain
+bibliographystyle:styles/spphys.bst
 bibliography:refs.bib
diff --git a/preamble.tex b/preamble.tex
@@ -27,4 +27,24 @@
 
 % wave vector
 \newcommand{\Kvec}{\vec{k}}
-\newcommand{\Kveclen}{\lvert\smash[b]{\Kvec}\rvert}-
\ No newline at end of file
+\newcommand{\Kveclen}{\lvert\smash[b]{\Kvec}\rvert}
+
+% springer template
+\usepackage{mathptmx}       % selects Times Roman as basic font
+\usepackage{helvet}         % selects Helvetica as sans-serif font
+\usepackage{courier}        % selects Courier as typewriter font
+\usepackage{type1cm}        % activate if the above 3 fonts are
+                            % not available on your system
+%
+\usepackage{makeidx}         % allows index generation
+\usepackage{graphicx}        % standard LaTeX graphics tool
+                             % when including figure files
+\usepackage{multicol}        % used for the two-column index
+\usepackage[bottom]{footmisc}% places footnotes at page bottom
+
+% see the list of further useful packages
+% in the Reference Guide
+
+\institute{Ivan Gankevich \at Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskii prospekt 35, Petergof, Saint Petersburg, Russia 198504, \email{i.gankevich@spbu.ru}%
+\and Alexander Degtyarev \at Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskii prospekt 35, Petergof, Saint Petersburg, Russia 198504, \email{a.degtyarev@spbu.ru}%
+}
diff --git a/styles/spbasic.bst b/styles/spbasic.bst
@@ -0,0 +1,1659 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `spbasic.bst',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% merlin.mbs  (with options: `ay,nat,seq-lab,vonx,nm-rvx,ed-rev,jnrlst,dt-beg,yr-par,yrp-x,yrpp-xsp,note-yr,jxper,jttl-rm,thtit-a,pgsep-c,num-xser,ser-vol,jnm-x,btit-rm,bt-rm,pre-pub,doi,edparxc,blk-tit,in-col,fin-bare,pp,ed,abr,mth-bare,ord,jabr,xand,eprint,url,url-blk,em-x,nfss,')
+%% ----------------------------------------
+%%
+%%********************************************************************************%%
+%%                                                                                %%
+%% For Springer medical, life sciences, chemistry, geology, engineering and       %%
+%%   computer science publications.                                               %%
+%% For use with the natbib package (see below). Default is author-year citations. %%
+%%   When citations are numbered, please use \usepackage[numbers]{natbib}.        %%
+%% A lack of punctuation is the key feature. Springer-Verlag 2004/10/15           %%
+%% Report bugs and improvements to: Joylene Vette-Guillaume or Frank Holzwarth    %%
+%%                                                                                %%
+%%********************************************************************************%%
+%%
+%% Copyright 1994-2004 Patrick W Daly
+ % ===============================================================
+ % IMPORTANT NOTICE:
+ % This bibliographic style (bst) file has been generated from one or
+ % more master bibliographic style (mbs) files, listed above.
+ %
+ % This generated file can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
+ % of the LaTeX Project Public License Distributed from CTAN
+ % archives in directory macros/latex/base/lppl.txt; either
+ % version 1 of the License, or any later version.
+ % ===============================================================
+ % Name and version information of the main mbs file:
+ % \ProvidesFile{merlin.mbs}[2004/02/09 4.13 (PWD, AO, DPC)]
+ %   For use with BibTeX version 0.99a or later
+ %-------------------------------------------------------------------
+ % This bibliography style file is intended for texts in ENGLISH
+ % This is an author-year citation style bibliography. As such, it is
+ % non-standard LaTeX, and requires a special package file to function properly.
+ % Such a package is    natbib.sty   by Patrick W. Daly
+ % The form of the \bibitem entries is
+ %   \bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)]{key}...
+ %   \bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)Jones, Baker, and Smith]{key}...
+ % The essential feature is that the label (the part in brackets) consists
+ % of the author names, as they should appear in the citation, with the year
+ % in parentheses following. There must be no space before the opening
+ % parenthesis!
+ % With natbib v5.3, a full list of authors may also follow the year.
+ % In natbib.sty, it is possible to define the type of enclosures that is
+ % really wanted (brackets or parentheses), but in either case, there must
+ % be parentheses in the label.
+ % The \cite command functions as follows:
+ %   \citet{key} ==>>                Jones et al. (1990)
+ %   \citet*{key} ==>>               Jones, Baker, and Smith (1990)
+ %   \citep{key} ==>>                (Jones et al., 1990)
+ %   \citep*{key} ==>>               (Jones, Baker, and Smith, 1990)
+ %   \citep[chap. 2]{key} ==>>       (Jones et al., 1990, chap. 2)
+ %   \citep[e.g.][]{key} ==>>        (e.g. Jones et al., 1990)
+ %   \citep[e.g.][p. 32]{key} ==>>   (e.g. Jones et al., p. 32)
+ %   \citeauthor{key} ==>>           Jones et al.
+ %   \citeauthor*{key} ==>>          Jones, Baker, and Smith
+ %   \citeyear{key} ==>>             1990
+ %---------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ENTRY
+  { address
+    archive
+    author
+    booktitle
+    chapter
+    doi
+    edition
+    editor
+    eid
+    eprint
+    howpublished
+    institution
+    journal
+    key
+    month
+    note
+    number
+    organization
+    pages
+    publisher
+    school
+    series
+    title
+    type
+    url
+    volume
+    year
+  }
+  {}
+  { label extra.label sort.label short.list }
+INTEGERS { output.state before.all mid.sentence after.sentence after.block }
+FUNCTION {init.state.consts}
+{ #0 'before.all :=
+  #1 'mid.sentence :=
+  #2 'after.sentence :=
+  #3 'after.block :=
+}
+STRINGS { s t}
+FUNCTION {output.nonnull}
+{ 's :=
+  output.state mid.sentence =
+    { ", " * write$ }
+    { output.state after.block =
+        { add.period$ write$
+          newline$
+          "\newblock " write$
+        }
+        { output.state before.all =
+            'write$
+            { add.period$ " " * write$ }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+      mid.sentence 'output.state :=
+    }
+  if$
+  s
+}
+FUNCTION {output}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+    'pop$
+    'output.nonnull
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {output.check}
+{ 't :=
+  duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
+    'output.nonnull
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {fin.entry}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+    'pop$
+    'write$
+  if$
+  newline$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {new.block}
+{ output.state before.all =
+    'skip$
+    { after.block 'output.state := }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {new.sentence}
+{ output.state after.block =
+    'skip$
+    { output.state before.all =
+        'skip$
+        { after.sentence 'output.state := }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {add.blank}
+{  " " * before.all 'output.state :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION {no.blank.or.punct}
+{  "\hspace{0pt}" * before.all 'output.state :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION {date.block}
+{
+    add.blank
+}
+
+FUNCTION {not}
+{   { #0 }
+    { #1 }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {and}
+{   'skip$
+    { pop$ #0 }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {or}
+{   { pop$ #1 }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+}
+STRINGS {z}
+FUNCTION {remove.dots}
+{ 'z :=
+  ""
+  { z empty$ not }
+  { z #1 #1 substring$
+    z #2 global.max$ substring$ 'z :=
+    duplicate$ "." = 'pop$
+      { * }
+    if$
+  }
+  while$
+}
+FUNCTION {new.block.checkb}
+{ empty$
+  swap$ empty$
+  and
+    'skip$
+    'new.block
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {field.or.null}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ "" }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {emphasize}
+{ skip$ }
+FUNCTION {tie.or.space.prefix}
+{ duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <
+    { "~" }
+    { " " }
+  if$
+  swap$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {capitalize}
+{ "u" change.case$ "t" change.case$ }
+
+FUNCTION {space.word}
+{ " " swap$ * " " * }
+ % Here are the language-specific definitions for explicit words.
+ % Each function has a name bbl.xxx where xxx is the English word.
+ % The language selected here is ENGLISH
+FUNCTION {bbl.and}
+{ "and"}
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.etal}
+{ "et~al" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.editors}
+{ "eds" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.editor}
+{ "ed" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.edby}
+{ "edited by" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.edition}
+{ "edn" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.volume}
+{ "vol" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.of}
+{ "of" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.number}
+{ "no." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.nr}
+{ "no." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.in}
+{ "in" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.pages}
+{ "pp" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.page}
+{ "p" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.chapter}
+{ "chap" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.techrep}
+{ "Tech. Rep." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.mthesis}
+{ "Master's thesis" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.phdthesis}
+{ "PhD thesis" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.first}
+{ "1st" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.second}
+{ "2nd" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.third}
+{ "3rd" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.fourth}
+{ "4th" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.fifth}
+{ "5th" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.st}
+{ "st" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.nd}
+{ "nd" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.rd}
+{ "rd" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.th}
+{ "th" }
+
+MACRO {jan} {"Jan."}
+
+MACRO {feb} {"Feb."}
+
+MACRO {mar} {"Mar."}
+
+MACRO {apr} {"Apr."}
+
+MACRO {may} {"May"}
+
+MACRO {jun} {"Jun."}
+
+MACRO {jul} {"Jul."}
+
+MACRO {aug} {"Aug."}
+
+MACRO {sep} {"Sep."}
+
+MACRO {oct} {"Oct."}
+
+MACRO {nov} {"Nov."}
+
+MACRO {dec} {"Dec."}
+
+FUNCTION {eng.ord}
+{ duplicate$ "1" swap$ *
+  #-2 #1 substring$ "1" =
+     { bbl.th * }
+     { duplicate$ #-1 #1 substring$
+       duplicate$ "1" =
+         { pop$ bbl.st * }
+         { duplicate$ "2" =
+             { pop$ bbl.nd * }
+             { "3" =
+                 { bbl.rd * }
+                 { bbl.th * }
+               if$
+             }
+           if$
+          }
+       if$
+     }
+   if$
+}
+
+MACRO {acmcs} {"ACM Comput Surv"}
+
+MACRO {acta} {"Acta Inf"}
+
+MACRO {cacm} {"Commun ACM"}
+
+MACRO {ibmjrd} {"IBM~J~Res Dev"}
+
+MACRO {ibmsj} {"IBM Syst~J"}
+
+MACRO {ieeese} {"IEEE Trans Softw Eng"}
+
+MACRO {ieeetc} {"IEEE Trans Comput"}
+
+MACRO {ieeetcad}
+ {"IEEE Trans Comput Aid Des"}
+
+MACRO {ipl} {"Inf Process Lett"}
+
+MACRO {jacm} {"J~ACM"}
+
+MACRO {jcss} {"J~Comput Syst Sci"}
+
+MACRO {scp} {"Sci Comput Program"}
+
+MACRO {sicomp} {"SIAM J~Comput"}
+
+MACRO {tocs} {"ACM Trans Comput Syst"}
+
+MACRO {tods} {"ACM Trans Database Syst"}
+
+MACRO {tog} {"ACM Trans Graphic"}
+
+MACRO {toms} {"ACM Trans Math Softw"}
+
+MACRO {toois} {"ACM Trans Office Inf Syst"}
+
+MACRO {toplas} {"ACM Trans Program Lang Syst"}
+
+MACRO {tcs} {"Theor Comput Sci"}
+
+FUNCTION {bibinfo.check}
+{ swap$
+  duplicate$ missing$
+    {
+      pop$ pop$
+      ""
+    }
+    { duplicate$ empty$
+        {
+          swap$ pop$
+        }
+        { swap$
+          pop$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {bibinfo.warn}
+{ swap$
+  duplicate$ missing$
+    {
+      swap$ "missing " swap$ * " in " * cite$ * warning$ pop$
+      ""
+    }
+    { duplicate$ empty$
+        {
+          swap$ "empty " swap$ * " in " * cite$ * warning$
+        }
+        { swap$
+          pop$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.eprint}
+{ eprint duplicate$ empty$
+    'skip$
+    { "\eprint"
+      archive empty$
+        'skip$
+        { "[" * archive * "]" * }
+      if$
+      "{" * swap$ * "}" *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.url}
+{ url empty$
+    { "" }
+    { "\urlprefix\url{" url * "}" * }
+  if$
+}
+
+STRINGS  { bibinfo}
+INTEGERS { nameptr namesleft numnames }
+
+FUNCTION {format.names}
+{ 'bibinfo :=
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ {
+  's :=
+  "" 't :=
+  #1 'nameptr :=
+  s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+  numnames 'namesleft :=
+    { namesleft #0 > }
+    { s nameptr
+      "{vv~}{ll}{ f{}}{ jj}"
+      format.name$
+      remove.dots
+      bibinfo bibinfo.check
+      't :=
+      nameptr #1 >
+        {
+          namesleft #1 >
+            { ", " * t * }
+            {
+              "," *
+              s nameptr "{ll}" format.name$ duplicate$ "others" =
+                { 't := }
+                { pop$ }
+              if$
+              t "others" =
+                {
+                  " " * bbl.etal *
+                }
+                { " " * t * }
+              if$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+        't
+      if$
+      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+    }
+  while$
+  } if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.names.ed}
+{
+  format.names
+}
+FUNCTION {format.key}
+{ empty$
+    { key field.or.null }
+    { "" }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.authors}
+{ author "author" format.names
+}
+FUNCTION {get.bbl.editor}
+{ editor num.names$ #1 > 'bbl.editors 'bbl.editor if$ }
+
+FUNCTION {format.editors}
+{ editor "editor" format.names duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      " " *
+      get.bbl.editor
+   "(" swap$ * ")" *
+      *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.doi}
+{ doi "doi" bibinfo.check
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      "\doi{" swap$ * "}" *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.note}
+{
+ note empty$
+    { "" }
+    { note #1 #1 substring$
+      duplicate$ "{" =
+        'skip$
+        { output.state mid.sentence =
+          { "l" }
+          { "u" }
+        if$
+        change.case$
+        }
+      if$
+      note #2 global.max$ substring$ * "note" bibinfo.check
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.title}
+{ title
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    { "t" change.case$ }
+  if$
+  "title" bibinfo.check
+}
+FUNCTION {format.full.names}
+{'s :=
+ "" 't :=
+  #1 'nameptr :=
+  s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+  numnames 'namesleft :=
+    { namesleft #0 > }
+    { s nameptr
+      "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
+      't :=
+      nameptr #1 >
+        {
+          namesleft #1 >
+            { ", " * t * }
+            {
+              s nameptr "{ll}" format.name$ duplicate$ "others" =
+                { 't := }
+                { pop$ }
+              if$
+              t "others" =
+                {
+                  " " * bbl.etal *
+                }
+                {
+                  numnames #2 >
+                    { "," * }
+                    'skip$
+                  if$
+                  bbl.and
+                  space.word * t *
+                }
+              if$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+        't
+      if$
+      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+    }
+  while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {author.editor.key.full}
+{ author empty$
+    { editor empty$
+        { key empty$
+            { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+            'key
+          if$
+        }
+        { editor format.full.names }
+      if$
+    }
+    { author format.full.names }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {author.key.full}
+{ author empty$
+    { key empty$
+         { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+          'key
+      if$
+    }
+    { author format.full.names }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {editor.key.full}
+{ editor empty$
+    { key empty$
+         { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+          'key
+      if$
+    }
+    { editor format.full.names }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {make.full.names}
+{ type$ "book" =
+  type$ "inbook" =
+  or
+    'author.editor.key.full
+    { type$ "proceedings" =
+        'editor.key.full
+        'author.key.full
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {output.bibitem}
+{ newline$
+  "\bibitem[{" write$
+  label write$
+  ")" make.full.names duplicate$ short.list =
+     { pop$ }
+     { * }
+   if$
+  "}]{" * write$
+  cite$ write$
+  "}" write$
+  newline$
+  ""
+  before.all 'output.state :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION {add.period}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+    'skip$
+    { "." * add.blank }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {if.digit}
+{ duplicate$ "0" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "1" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "2" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "3" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "4" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "5" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "6" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "7" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "8" =
+  swap$ "9" = or or or or or or or or or
+}
+FUNCTION {n.separate}
+{ 't :=
+  ""
+  #0 'numnames :=
+  { t empty$ not }
+  { t #-1 #1 substring$ if.digit
+      { numnames #1 + 'numnames := }
+      { #0 'numnames := }
+    if$
+    t #-1 #1 substring$ swap$ *
+    t #-2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+    numnames #5 =
+      { duplicate$ #1 #2 substring$ swap$
+        #3 global.max$ substring$
+        "," swap$ * *
+      }
+      'skip$
+    if$
+  }
+  while$
+}
+FUNCTION {n.dashify}
+{
+  n.separate
+  't :=
+  ""
+    { t empty$ not }
+    { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" =
+        { t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not
+            { "--" *
+              t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+            }
+            {   { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = }
+                { "-" *
+                  t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+                }
+              while$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+        { t #1 #1 substring$ *
+          t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {word.in}
+{ bbl.in capitalize
+  ":" *
+  " " * }
+
+FUNCTION {format.date}
+{ year "year" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$
+    {
+      "empty year in " cite$ * "; set to ????" * warning$
+       pop$ "????"
+    }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+  extra.label *
+  before.all 'output.state :=
+  " (" swap$ * ")" *
+}
+FUNCTION {format.btitle}
+{ title "title" bibinfo.check
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {either.or.check}
+{ empty$
+    'pop$
+    { "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.bvolume}
+{ volume empty$
+    { "" }
+    { bbl.volume volume tie.or.space.prefix
+      "volume" bibinfo.check * *
+      series "series" bibinfo.check
+      duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+        { emphasize ", " * swap$ * }
+      if$
+      "volume and number" number either.or.check
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.number.series}
+{ volume empty$
+    { number empty$
+        { series field.or.null }
+        { series empty$
+            { number "number" bibinfo.check }
+            { output.state mid.sentence =
+                { bbl.number }
+                { bbl.number capitalize }
+              if$
+              number tie.or.space.prefix "number" bibinfo.check * *
+              bbl.in space.word *
+              series "series" bibinfo.check *
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+    { "" }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {is.num}
+{ chr.to.int$
+  duplicate$ "0" chr.to.int$ < not
+  swap$ "9" chr.to.int$ > not and
+}
+
+FUNCTION {extract.num}
+{ duplicate$ 't :=
+  "" 's :=
+  { t empty$ not }
+  { t #1 #1 substring$
+    t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+    duplicate$ is.num
+      { s swap$ * 's := }
+      { pop$ "" 't := }
+    if$
+  }
+  while$
+  s empty$
+    'skip$
+    { pop$ s }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {convert.edition}
+{ extract.num "l" change.case$ 's :=
+  s "first" = s "1" = or
+    { bbl.first 't := }
+    { s "second" = s "2" = or
+        { bbl.second 't := }
+        { s "third" = s "3" = or
+            { bbl.third 't := }
+            { s "fourth" = s "4" = or
+                { bbl.fourth 't := }
+                { s "fifth" = s "5" = or
+                    { bbl.fifth 't := }
+                    { s #1 #1 substring$ is.num
+                        { s eng.ord 't := }
+                        { edition 't := }
+                      if$
+                    }
+                  if$
+                }
+              if$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+  t
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.edition}
+{ edition duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      convert.edition
+      output.state mid.sentence =
+        { "l" }
+        { "t" }
+      if$ change.case$
+      "edition" bibinfo.check
+      " " * bbl.edition *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+INTEGERS { multiresult }
+FUNCTION {multi.page.check}
+{ 't :=
+  #0 'multiresult :=
+    { multiresult not
+      t empty$ not
+      and
+    }
+    { t #1 #1 substring$
+      duplicate$ "-" =
+      swap$ duplicate$ "," =
+      swap$ "+" =
+      or or
+        { #1 'multiresult := }
+        { t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := }
+      if$
+    }
+  while$
+  multiresult
+}
+FUNCTION {format.pages}
+{ pages duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    { duplicate$ multi.page.check
+        {
+          bbl.pages swap$
+          n.dashify
+        }
+        {
+          bbl.page swap$
+        }
+      if$
+      tie.or.space.prefix
+      "pages" bibinfo.check
+      * *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.journal.pages}
+{ pages duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+    { swap$ duplicate$ empty$
+        { pop$ pop$ format.pages }
+        {
+          ":" *
+          swap$
+          n.dashify
+          "pages" bibinfo.check
+          *
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.journal.eid}
+{ eid "eid" bibinfo.check
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+    { swap$ duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+      {
+          ":" *
+      }
+      if$
+      swap$ *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.vol.num.pages}
+{ volume field.or.null
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      "volume" bibinfo.check
+    }
+  if$
+  number "number" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      swap$ duplicate$ empty$
+        { "there's a number but no volume in " cite$ * warning$ }
+        'skip$
+      if$
+      swap$
+      "(" swap$ * ")" *
+    }
+  if$ *
+  eid empty$
+    { format.journal.pages }
+    { format.journal.eid }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.chapter.pages}
+{ chapter empty$
+    'format.pages
+    { type empty$
+        { bbl.chapter }
+        { type "l" change.case$
+          "type" bibinfo.check
+        }
+      if$
+      chapter tie.or.space.prefix
+      "chapter" bibinfo.check
+      * *
+      pages empty$
+        'skip$
+        { ", " * format.pages * }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.booktitle}
+{
+  booktitle "booktitle" bibinfo.check
+}
+FUNCTION {format.in.ed.booktitle}
+{ format.booktitle duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      editor "editor" format.names.ed duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+        {
+          " " *
+          get.bbl.editor
+          "(" swap$ * ") " *
+          * swap$
+          * }
+      if$
+      word.in swap$ *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.thesis.type}
+{ type duplicate$ empty$
+    'pop$
+    { swap$ pop$
+      "t" change.case$ "type" bibinfo.check
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.tr.number}
+{ number "number" bibinfo.check
+  type duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ bbl.techrep }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+  "type" bibinfo.check
+  swap$ duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ "t" change.case$ }
+    { tie.or.space.prefix * * }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.article.crossref}
+{
+  word.in
+  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+FUNCTION {format.book.crossref}
+{ volume duplicate$ empty$
+    { "empty volume in " cite$ * "'s crossref of " * crossref * warning$
+      pop$ word.in
+    }
+    { bbl.volume
+      capitalize
+      swap$ tie.or.space.prefix "volume" bibinfo.check * * bbl.of space.word *
+    }
+  if$
+  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+FUNCTION {format.incoll.inproc.crossref}
+{
+  word.in
+  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+FUNCTION {format.org.or.pub}
+{ 't :=
+  ""
+  address empty$ t empty$ and
+    'skip$
+    {
+      t empty$
+        { address "address" bibinfo.check *
+        }
+        { t *
+          address empty$
+            'skip$
+            { ", " * address "address" bibinfo.check * }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.publisher.address}
+{ publisher "publisher" bibinfo.warn format.org.or.pub
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.organization.address}
+{ organization "organization" bibinfo.check format.org.or.pub
+}
+
+FUNCTION {article}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  author format.key output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  date.block
+  format.title "title" output.check
+  new.sentence
+  crossref missing$
+    {
+      journal
+      remove.dots
+      "journal" bibinfo.check
+      "journal" output.check
+      add.blank
+      format.vol.num.pages output
+    }
+    { format.article.crossref output.nonnull
+      format.pages output
+    }
+  if$
+  format.doi output
+  format.url output
+  format.note output
+  format.eprint output
+  fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {book}
+{ output.bibitem
+  author empty$
+    { format.editors "author and editor" output.check
+      editor format.key output
+      add.blank
+    }
+    { format.authors output.nonnull
+      crossref missing$
+        { "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
+        'skip$
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  date.block
+  format.btitle "title" output.check
+  crossref missing$
+    { format.bvolume output
+      format.edition output
+  new.sentence
+      format.number.series output
+      format.publisher.address output
+    }
+    {
+  new.sentence
+      format.book.crossref output.nonnull
+    }
+  if$
+  format.doi output
+  format.url output
+  format.note output
+  format.eprint output
+  fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {booklet}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors output
+  author format.key output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  date.block
+  format.title "title" output.check
+  new.sentence
+  howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output
+  address "address" bibinfo.check output
+  format.doi output
+  format.url output
+  format.note output
+  format.eprint output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {inbook}
+{ output.bibitem
+  author empty$
+    { format.editors "author and editor" output.check
+      editor format.key output
+    }
+    { format.authors output.nonnull
+      crossref missing$
+        { "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
+        'skip$
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  date.block
+  format.btitle "title" output.check
+  crossref missing$
+    {
+      format.bvolume output
+      format.edition output
+      format.publisher.address output
+      format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
+  new.sentence
+      format.number.series output
+    }
+    {
+      format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
+  new.sentence
+      format.book.crossref output.nonnull
+    }
+  if$
+  format.doi output
+  format.url output
+  format.note output
+  format.eprint output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {incollection}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  author format.key output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  date.block
+  format.title "title" output.check
+  new.sentence
+  crossref missing$
+    { format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
+      format.bvolume output
+      format.edition output
+      format.number.series output
+      format.publisher.address output
+      format.chapter.pages output
+    }
+    { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
+      format.chapter.pages output
+    }
+  if$
+  format.doi output
+  format.url output
+  format.note output
+  format.eprint output
+  fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {inproceedings}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  author format.key output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  date.block
+  format.title "title" output.check
+  new.sentence
+  crossref missing$
+    { format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
+      publisher empty$
+        { format.organization.address output }
+        { organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
+          format.publisher.address output
+        }
+      if$
+      format.bvolume output
+      format.number.series output
+      format.pages output
+    }
+    { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
+      format.pages output
+    }
+  if$
+  format.doi output
+  format.url output
+  format.note output
+  format.eprint output
+  fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {conference} { inproceedings }
+FUNCTION {manual}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors output
+  author format.key output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  date.block
+  format.btitle "title" output.check
+  new.sentence
+  organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
+  address "address" bibinfo.check output
+  format.edition output
+  format.doi output
+  format.url output
+  format.note output
+  format.eprint output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {mastersthesis}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  author format.key output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  date.block
+  format.title
+  "title" output.check
+  new.sentence
+  bbl.mthesis format.thesis.type output.nonnull
+  school "school" bibinfo.warn output
+  address "address" bibinfo.check output
+  format.doi output
+  format.url output
+  format.note output
+  format.eprint output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {misc}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors output
+  author format.key output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  date.block
+  format.title output
+  new.sentence
+  howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output
+  format.doi output
+  format.url output
+  format.note output
+  format.eprint output
+  fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {phdthesis}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  author format.key output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  date.block
+  format.title
+  "title" output.check
+  new.sentence
+  bbl.phdthesis format.thesis.type output.nonnull
+  school "school" bibinfo.warn output
+  address "address" bibinfo.check output
+  format.doi output
+  format.url output
+  format.note output
+  format.eprint output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {proceedings}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.editors output
+  editor format.key output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  date.block
+  format.btitle "title" output.check
+  format.bvolume output
+  format.number.series output
+  publisher empty$
+    { format.organization.address output }
+    { organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
+      format.publisher.address output
+    }
+  if$
+  format.doi output
+  format.url output
+  format.note output
+  format.eprint output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {techreport}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  author format.key output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  date.block
+  format.title
+  "title" output.check
+  new.sentence
+  format.tr.number output.nonnull
+  institution "institution" bibinfo.warn output
+  address "address" bibinfo.check output
+  format.doi output
+  format.url output
+  format.note output
+  format.eprint output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {unpublished}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  author format.key output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  date.block
+  format.title "title" output.check
+  format.doi output
+  format.url output
+  format.note "note" output.check
+  format.eprint output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {default.type} { misc }
+READ
+FUNCTION {sortify}
+{ purify$
+  "l" change.case$
+}
+INTEGERS { len }
+FUNCTION {chop.word}
+{ 's :=
+  'len :=
+  s #1 len substring$ =
+    { s len #1 + global.max$ substring$ }
+    's
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.lab.names}
+{ 's :=
+  "" 't :=
+  s #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
+  s num.names$ duplicate$
+  #2 >
+    { pop$
+      " " * bbl.etal *
+    }
+    { #2 <
+        'skip$
+        { s #2 "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
+            {
+              " " * bbl.etal *
+            }
+            { bbl.and space.word * s #2 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
+              * }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {author.key.label}
+{ author empty$
+    { key empty$
+        { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+        'key
+      if$
+    }
+    { author format.lab.names }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {author.editor.key.label}
+{ author empty$
+    { editor empty$
+        { key empty$
+            { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+            'key
+          if$
+        }
+        { editor format.lab.names }
+      if$
+    }
+    { author format.lab.names }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {editor.key.label}
+{ editor empty$
+    { key empty$
+        { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+        'key
+      if$
+    }
+    { editor format.lab.names }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {calc.short.authors}
+{ type$ "book" =
+  type$ "inbook" =
+  or
+    'author.editor.key.label
+    { type$ "proceedings" =
+        'editor.key.label
+        'author.key.label
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+  'short.list :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION {calc.label}
+{ calc.short.authors
+  short.list
+  "("
+  *
+  year duplicate$ empty$
+     { pop$ "????" }
+     'skip$
+  if$
+  *
+  'label :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION {sort.format.names}
+{ 's :=
+  #1 'nameptr :=
+  ""
+  s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+  numnames 'namesleft :=
+    { namesleft #0 > }
+    { s nameptr
+      "{ll{ }}{  f{ }}{  jj{ }}"
+      format.name$ 't :=
+      nameptr #1 >
+        {
+          "   "  *
+          namesleft #1 = t "others" = and
+            { "zzzzz" * }
+            { numnames #2 > nameptr #2 = and
+                { "zz" * year field.or.null * "   " * }
+                'skip$
+              if$
+              t sortify *
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+        { t sortify * }
+      if$
+      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+    }
+  while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {sort.format.title}
+{ 't :=
+  "A " #2
+    "An " #3
+      "The " #4 t chop.word
+    chop.word
+  chop.word
+  sortify
+  #1 global.max$ substring$
+}
+FUNCTION {author.sort}
+{ author empty$
+    { key empty$
+        { "to sort, need author or key in " cite$ * warning$
+          ""
+        }
+        { key sortify }
+      if$
+    }
+    { author sort.format.names }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {author.editor.sort}
+{ author empty$
+    { editor empty$
+        { key empty$
+            { "to sort, need author, editor, or key in " cite$ * warning$
+              ""
+            }
+            { key sortify }
+          if$
+        }
+        { editor sort.format.names }
+      if$
+    }
+    { author sort.format.names }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {editor.sort}
+{ editor empty$
+    { key empty$
+        { "to sort, need editor or key in " cite$ * warning$
+          ""
+        }
+        { key sortify }
+      if$
+    }
+    { editor sort.format.names }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {presort}
+{ calc.label
+  label sortify
+  "    "
+  *
+  type$ "book" =
+  type$ "inbook" =
+  or
+    'author.editor.sort
+    { type$ "proceedings" =
+        'editor.sort
+        'author.sort
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+  #1 entry.max$ substring$
+  'sort.label :=
+  sort.label
+  *
+  "    "
+  *
+  title field.or.null
+  sort.format.title
+  *
+  #1 entry.max$ substring$
+  'sort.key$ :=
+}
+
+ITERATE {presort}
+SORT
+STRINGS { last.label next.extra }
+INTEGERS { last.extra.num number.label }
+FUNCTION {initialize.extra.label.stuff}
+{ #0 int.to.chr$ 'last.label :=
+  "" 'next.extra :=
+  #0 'last.extra.num :=
+  #0 'number.label :=
+}
+FUNCTION {forward.pass}
+{ last.label label =
+    { last.extra.num #1 + 'last.extra.num :=
+      last.extra.num int.to.chr$ 'extra.label :=
+    }
+    { "a" chr.to.int$ 'last.extra.num :=
+      "" 'extra.label :=
+      label 'last.label :=
+    }
+  if$
+  number.label #1 + 'number.label :=
+}
+FUNCTION {reverse.pass}
+{ next.extra "b" =
+    { "a" 'extra.label := }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+  extra.label 'next.extra :=
+  extra.label
+  duplicate$ empty$
+    'skip$
+    { "{\natexlab{" swap$ * "}}" * }
+  if$
+  'extra.label :=
+  label extra.label * 'label :=
+}
+EXECUTE {initialize.extra.label.stuff}
+ITERATE {forward.pass}
+REVERSE {reverse.pass}
+FUNCTION {bib.sort.order}
+{ sort.label
+  "    "
+  *
+  year field.or.null sortify
+  *
+  "    "
+  *
+  title field.or.null
+  sort.format.title
+  *
+  #1 entry.max$ substring$
+  'sort.key$ :=
+}
+ITERATE {bib.sort.order}
+SORT
+FUNCTION {begin.bib}
+{ preamble$ empty$
+    'skip$
+    { preamble$ write$ newline$ }
+  if$
+  "\begin{thebibliography}{" number.label int.to.str$ * "}" *
+  write$ newline$
+  "\providecommand{\natexlab}[1]{#1}"
+  write$ newline$
+  "\providecommand{\url}[1]{{#1}}"
+  write$ newline$
+  "\providecommand{\urlprefix}{URL }"
+  write$ newline$
+  "\expandafter\ifx\csname urlstyle\endcsname\relax"
+  write$ newline$
+  "  \providecommand{\doi}[1]{DOI~\discretionary{}{}{}#1}\else"
+  write$ newline$
+  "  \providecommand{\doi}{DOI~\discretionary{}{}{}\begingroup \urlstyle{rm}\Url}\fi"
+  write$ newline$
+  "\providecommand{\eprint}[2][]{\url{#2}}"
+  write$ newline$
+}
+EXECUTE {begin.bib}
+EXECUTE {init.state.consts}
+ITERATE {call.type$}
+FUNCTION {end.bib}
+{ newline$
+  "\end{thebibliography}" write$ newline$
+}
+EXECUTE {end.bib}
+%% End of customized bst file
+%%
+%% End of file `spbasic.bst'.
+
diff --git a/styles/spmpsci.bst b/styles/spmpsci.bst
@@ -0,0 +1,1513 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `spmpsci.bst',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% merlin.mbs  (with options: `vonx,nm-rvv,yr-par,xmth,jttl-rm,thtit-a,vol-bf,volp-com,pgsep-c,num-xser,ser-vol,ser-ed,jnm-x,btit-rm,bt-rm,doi,edparxc,au-col,in-col,fin-bare,pp,ed,abr,xedn,jabr,xand,url,url-blk,nfss,')
+%% ----------------------------------------
+%%********************************************************************************%%
+%%                                                                                %%
+%% For Springer mathematics, computer science, and physical sciences journals     %%
+%%   publications.                                                                %%
+%% Report bugs and improvements to: Joylene Vette-Guillaume or Frank Holzwarth    %%
+%%                                              Springer-Verlag 2004/10/15        %%
+%%                                                                                %%
+%%********************************************************************************%%
+%%
+%% Copyright 1994-2004 Patrick W Daly
+ % ===============================================================
+ % IMPORTANT NOTICE:
+ % This bibliographic style (bst) file has been generated from one or
+ % more master bibliographic style (mbs) files, listed above.
+ %
+ % This generated file can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
+ % of the LaTeX Project Public License Distributed from CTAN
+ % archives in directory macros/latex/base/lppl.txt; either
+ % version 1 of the License, or any later version.
+ % ===============================================================
+ % Name and version information of the main mbs file:
+ % \ProvidesFile{merlin.mbs}[2004/02/09 4.13 (PWD, AO, DPC)]
+ %   For use with BibTeX version 0.99a or later
+ %-------------------------------------------------------------------
+ % This bibliography style file is intended for texts in ENGLISH
+ % This is a numerical citation style, and as such is standard LaTeX.
+ % It requires no extra package to interface to the main text.
+ % The form of the \bibitem entries is
+ %   \bibitem{key}...
+ % Usage of \cite is as follows:
+ %   \cite{key} ==>>          [#]
+ %   \cite[chap. 2]{key} ==>> [#, chap. 2]
+ % where # is a number determined by the ordering in the reference list.
+ % The order in the reference list is alphabetical by authors.
+ %---------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ENTRY
+  { address
+    author
+    booktitle
+    chapter
+    doi
+    edition
+    editor
+    eid
+    howpublished
+    institution
+    journal
+    key
+    month
+    note
+    number
+    organization
+    pages
+    publisher
+    school
+    series
+    title
+    type
+    url
+    volume
+    year
+  }
+  {}
+  { label }
+INTEGERS { output.state before.all mid.sentence after.sentence after.block }
+FUNCTION {init.state.consts}
+{ #0 'before.all :=
+  #1 'mid.sentence :=
+  #2 'after.sentence :=
+  #3 'after.block :=
+}
+STRINGS { s t}
+FUNCTION {output.nonnull}
+{ 's :=
+  output.state mid.sentence =
+    { ", " * write$ }
+    { output.state after.block =
+        { add.period$ write$
+          newline$
+          "\newblock " write$
+        }
+        { output.state before.all =
+            'write$
+            { add.period$ " " * write$ }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+      mid.sentence 'output.state :=
+    }
+  if$
+  s
+}
+FUNCTION {output}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+    'pop$
+    'output.nonnull
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {output.check}
+{ 't :=
+  duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
+    'output.nonnull
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {fin.entry}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+    'pop$
+    'write$
+  if$
+  newline$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {new.block}
+{ output.state before.all =
+    'skip$
+    { after.block 'output.state := }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {new.sentence}
+{ output.state after.block =
+    'skip$
+    { output.state before.all =
+        'skip$
+        { after.sentence 'output.state := }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {add.blank}
+{  " " * before.all 'output.state :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION {add.colon}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+    'skip$
+    { ":" * add.blank }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {date.block}
+{
+  new.block
+}
+
+FUNCTION {not}
+{   { #0 }
+    { #1 }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {and}
+{   'skip$
+    { pop$ #0 }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {or}
+{   { pop$ #1 }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {new.block.checka}
+{ empty$
+    'skip$
+    'new.block
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {new.block.checkb}
+{ empty$
+  swap$ empty$
+  and
+    'skip$
+    'new.block
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {new.sentence.checka}
+{ empty$
+    'skip$
+    'new.sentence
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {new.sentence.checkb}
+{ empty$
+  swap$ empty$
+  and
+    'skip$
+    'new.sentence
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {field.or.null}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ "" }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {emphasize}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ "" }
+    { "\emph{" swap$ * "}" * }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {bolden}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ "" }
+    { "\textbf{" swap$ * "}" * }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {tie.or.space.prefix}
+{ duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <
+    { "~" }
+    { " " }
+  if$
+  swap$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {capitalize}
+{ "u" change.case$ "t" change.case$ }
+
+FUNCTION {space.word}
+{ " " swap$ * " " * }
+ % Here are the language-specific definitions for explicit words.
+ % Each function has a name bbl.xxx where xxx is the English word.
+ % The language selected here is ENGLISH
+FUNCTION {bbl.and}
+{ "and"}
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.etal}
+{ "et~al." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.editors}
+{ "eds." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.editor}
+{ "ed." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.edby}
+{ "edited by" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.edition}
+{ "edn." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.volume}
+{ "vol." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.of}
+{ "of" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.number}
+{ "no." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.nr}
+{ "no." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.in}
+{ "in" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.pages}
+{ "pp." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.page}
+{ "p." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.chapter}
+{ "chap." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.techrep}
+{ "Tech. Rep." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.mthesis}
+{ "Master's thesis" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.phdthesis}
+{ "Ph.D. thesis" }
+
+MACRO {jan} {"Jan."}
+
+MACRO {feb} {"Feb."}
+
+MACRO {mar} {"Mar."}
+
+MACRO {apr} {"Apr."}
+
+MACRO {may} {"May"}
+
+MACRO {jun} {"Jun."}
+
+MACRO {jul} {"Jul."}
+
+MACRO {aug} {"Aug."}
+
+MACRO {sep} {"Sep."}
+
+MACRO {oct} {"Oct."}
+
+MACRO {nov} {"Nov."}
+
+MACRO {dec} {"Dec."}
+
+MACRO {acmcs} {"ACM Comput. Surv."}
+
+MACRO {acta} {"Acta Inf."}
+
+MACRO {cacm} {"Commun. ACM"}
+
+MACRO {ibmjrd} {"IBM J. Res. Dev."}
+
+MACRO {ibmsj} {"IBM Syst.~J."}
+
+MACRO {ieeese} {"IEEE Trans. Software Eng."}
+
+MACRO {ieeetc} {"IEEE Trans. Comput."}
+
+MACRO {ieeetcad}
+ {"IEEE Trans. Comput. Aid. Des."}
+
+MACRO {ipl} {"Inf. Process. Lett."}
+
+MACRO {jacm} {"J.~ACM"}
+
+MACRO {jcss} {"J.~Comput. Syst. Sci."}
+
+MACRO {scp} {"Sci. Comput. Program."}
+
+MACRO {sicomp} {"SIAM J. Comput."}
+
+MACRO {tocs} {"ACM Trans. Comput. Syst."}
+
+MACRO {tods} {"ACM Trans. Database Syst."}
+
+MACRO {tog} {"ACM Trans. Graphic."}
+
+MACRO {toms} {"ACM Trans. Math. Software"}
+
+MACRO {toois} {"ACM Trans. Office Inf. Syst."}
+
+MACRO {toplas} {"ACM Trans. Progr. Lang. Syst."}
+
+MACRO {tcs} {"Theor. Comput. Sci."}
+
+FUNCTION {bibinfo.check}
+{ swap$
+  duplicate$ missing$
+    {
+      pop$ pop$
+      ""
+    }
+    { duplicate$ empty$
+        {
+          swap$ pop$
+        }
+        { swap$
+          pop$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {bibinfo.warn}
+{ swap$
+  duplicate$ missing$
+    {
+      swap$ "missing " swap$ * " in " * cite$ * warning$ pop$
+      ""
+    }
+    { duplicate$ empty$
+        {
+          swap$ "empty " swap$ * " in " * cite$ * warning$
+        }
+        { swap$
+          pop$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.url}
+{ url empty$
+    { "" }
+    { "\urlprefix\url{" url * "}" * }
+  if$
+}
+
+STRINGS  { bibinfo}
+INTEGERS { nameptr namesleft numnames }
+
+FUNCTION {format.names}
+{ 'bibinfo :=
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ {
+  's :=
+  "" 't :=
+  #1 'nameptr :=
+  s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+  numnames 'namesleft :=
+    { namesleft #0 > }
+    { s nameptr
+      "{vv~}{ll}{ jj}{, f{.}.}"
+      format.name$
+      bibinfo bibinfo.check
+      't :=
+      nameptr #1 >
+        {
+          namesleft #1 >
+            { ", " * t * }
+            {
+              "," *
+              s nameptr "{ll}" format.name$ duplicate$ "others" =
+                { 't := }
+                { pop$ }
+              if$
+              t "others" =
+                {
+                  " " * bbl.etal *
+                }
+                { " " * t * }
+              if$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+        't
+      if$
+      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+    }
+  while$
+  } if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.names.ed}
+{
+  'bibinfo :=
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ {
+  's :=
+  "" 't :=
+  #1 'nameptr :=
+  s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+  numnames 'namesleft :=
+    { namesleft #0 > }
+    { s nameptr
+      "{f{.}.~}{vv~}{ll}{ jj}"
+      format.name$
+      bibinfo bibinfo.check
+      't :=
+      nameptr #1 >
+        {
+          namesleft #1 >
+            { ", " * t * }
+            {
+              "," *
+              s nameptr "{ll}" format.name$ duplicate$ "others" =
+                { 't := }
+                { pop$ }
+              if$
+              t "others" =
+                {
+
+                  " " * bbl.etal *
+                }
+                { " " * t * }
+              if$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+        't
+      if$
+      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+    }
+  while$
+  } if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.authors}
+{ author "author" format.names
+}
+FUNCTION {get.bbl.editor}
+{ editor num.names$ #1 > 'bbl.editors 'bbl.editor if$ }
+
+FUNCTION {format.editors}
+{ editor "editor" format.names duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      " " *
+      get.bbl.editor
+   "(" swap$ * ")" *
+      *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.doi}
+{ doi "doi" bibinfo.check
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      new.block
+      "\doi{" swap$ * "}" *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.note}
+{
+ note empty$
+    { "" }
+    { note #1 #1 substring$
+      duplicate$ "{" =
+        'skip$
+        { output.state mid.sentence =
+          { "l" }
+          { "u" }
+        if$
+        change.case$
+        }
+      if$
+      note #2 global.max$ substring$ * "note" bibinfo.check
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.title}
+{ title
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    { "t" change.case$ }
+  if$
+  "title" bibinfo.check
+}
+FUNCTION {output.bibitem}
+{ newline$
+  "\bibitem{" write$
+  cite$ write$
+  "}" write$
+  newline$
+  ""
+  before.all 'output.state :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION {if.digit}
+{ duplicate$ "0" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "1" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "2" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "3" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "4" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "5" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "6" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "7" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "8" =
+  swap$ "9" = or or or or or or or or or
+}
+FUNCTION {n.separate}
+{ 't :=
+  ""
+  #0 'numnames :=
+  { t empty$ not }
+  { t #-1 #1 substring$ if.digit
+      { numnames #1 + 'numnames := }
+      { #0 'numnames := }
+    if$
+    t #-1 #1 substring$ swap$ *
+    t #-2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+    numnames #5 =
+      { duplicate$ #1 #2 substring$ swap$
+        #3 global.max$ substring$
+        "," swap$ * *
+      }
+      'skip$
+    if$
+  }
+  while$
+}
+FUNCTION {n.dashify}
+{
+  n.separate
+  't :=
+  ""
+    { t empty$ not }
+    { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" =
+        { t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not
+            { "--" *
+              t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+            }
+            {   { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = }
+                { "-" *
+                  t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+                }
+              while$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+        { t #1 #1 substring$ *
+          t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {word.in}
+{ bbl.in capitalize
+  ":" *
+  " " * }
+
+FUNCTION {format.date}
+{
+  ""
+  duplicate$ empty$
+  year  "year"  bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$
+    { swap$ 'skip$
+        { "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$ }
+      if$
+      *
+    }
+    { swap$ 'skip$
+        {
+          swap$
+          " " * swap$
+        }
+      if$
+      *
+    }
+  if$
+  duplicate$ empty$
+    'skip$
+    {
+      before.all 'output.state :=
+    " (" swap$ * ")" *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.btitle}
+{ title "title" bibinfo.check
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {either.or.check}
+{ empty$
+    'pop$
+    { "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.bvolume}
+{ volume empty$
+    { "" }
+    { bbl.volume volume tie.or.space.prefix
+      "volume" bibinfo.check * *
+      series "series" bibinfo.check
+      duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+        { emphasize ", " * swap$ * }
+      if$
+      "volume and number" number either.or.check
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.number.series}
+{ volume empty$
+    { number empty$
+        { series field.or.null }
+        { series empty$
+            { number "number" bibinfo.check }
+            { output.state mid.sentence =
+                { bbl.number }
+                { bbl.number capitalize }
+              if$
+              number tie.or.space.prefix "number" bibinfo.check * *
+              bbl.in space.word *
+              series "series" bibinfo.check *
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+    { "" }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.edition}
+{ edition duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      output.state mid.sentence =
+        { "l" }
+        { "t" }
+      if$ change.case$
+      "edition" bibinfo.check
+      " " * bbl.edition *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+INTEGERS { multiresult }
+FUNCTION {multi.page.check}
+{ 't :=
+  #0 'multiresult :=
+    { multiresult not
+      t empty$ not
+      and
+    }
+    { t #1 #1 substring$
+      duplicate$ "-" =
+      swap$ duplicate$ "," =
+      swap$ "+" =
+      or or
+        { #1 'multiresult := }
+        { t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := }
+      if$
+    }
+  while$
+  multiresult
+}
+FUNCTION {format.pages}
+{ pages duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    { duplicate$ multi.page.check
+        {
+          bbl.pages swap$
+          n.dashify
+        }
+        {
+          bbl.page swap$
+        }
+      if$
+      tie.or.space.prefix
+      "pages" bibinfo.check
+      * *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.journal.pages}
+{ pages duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+    { swap$ duplicate$ empty$
+        { pop$ pop$ format.pages }
+        {
+          ", " *
+          swap$
+          n.dashify
+          "pages" bibinfo.check
+          *
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.journal.eid}
+{ eid "eid" bibinfo.check
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+    { swap$ duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+      {
+          ", " *
+      }
+      if$
+      swap$ *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.vol.num.pages}
+{ volume field.or.null
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      "volume" bibinfo.check
+    }
+  if$
+  bolden
+  number "number" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      swap$ duplicate$ empty$
+        { "there's a number but no volume in " cite$ * warning$ }
+        'skip$
+      if$
+      swap$
+      "(" swap$ * ")" *
+    }
+  if$ *
+  eid empty$
+    { format.journal.pages }
+    { format.journal.eid }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.chapter.pages}
+{ chapter empty$
+    'format.pages
+    { type empty$
+        { bbl.chapter }
+        { type "l" change.case$
+          "type" bibinfo.check
+        }
+      if$
+      chapter tie.or.space.prefix
+      "chapter" bibinfo.check
+      * *
+      pages empty$
+        'skip$
+        { ", " * format.pages * }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.booktitle}
+{
+  booktitle "booktitle" bibinfo.check
+}
+FUNCTION {format.in.ed.booktitle}
+{ format.booktitle duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      format.bvolume duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+        { ", " swap$ * * }
+      if$
+      editor "editor" format.names.ed duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+        {
+          " " *
+          get.bbl.editor
+          "(" swap$ * ") " *
+          * swap$
+          * }
+      if$
+      word.in swap$ *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {empty.misc.check}
+{ author empty$ title empty$ howpublished empty$
+  month empty$ year empty$ note empty$
+  and and and and and
+  key empty$ not and
+    { "all relevant fields are empty in " cite$ * warning$ }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.thesis.type}
+{ type duplicate$ empty$
+    'pop$
+    { swap$ pop$
+      "t" change.case$ "type" bibinfo.check
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.tr.number}
+{ number "number" bibinfo.check
+  type duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ bbl.techrep }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+  "type" bibinfo.check
+  swap$ duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ "t" change.case$ }
+    { tie.or.space.prefix * * }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.article.crossref}
+{
+  key duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$
+      journal duplicate$ empty$
+        { "need key or journal for " cite$ * " to crossref " * crossref * warning$ }
+        { "journal" bibinfo.check emphasize word.in swap$ * }
+      if$
+    }
+    { word.in swap$ * " " *}
+  if$
+  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+FUNCTION {format.crossref.editor}
+{ editor #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
+  "editor" bibinfo.check
+  editor num.names$ duplicate$
+  #2 >
+    { pop$
+      "editor" bibinfo.check
+      " " * bbl.etal
+      *
+    }
+    { #2 <
+        'skip$
+        { editor #2 "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
+            {
+              "editor" bibinfo.check
+              " " * bbl.etal
+              *
+            }
+            {
+             bbl.and space.word
+              * editor #2 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
+              "editor" bibinfo.check
+              *
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.book.crossref}
+{ volume duplicate$ empty$
+    { "empty volume in " cite$ * "'s crossref of " * crossref * warning$
+      pop$ word.in
+    }
+    { bbl.volume
+      capitalize
+      swap$ tie.or.space.prefix "volume" bibinfo.check * * bbl.of space.word *
+    }
+  if$
+  editor empty$
+  editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
+  or
+    { key empty$
+        { series empty$
+            { "need editor, key, or series for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
+              crossref * warning$
+              "" *
+            }
+            { series emphasize * }
+          if$
+        }
+        { key * }
+      if$
+    }
+    { format.crossref.editor * }
+  if$
+  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+FUNCTION {format.incoll.inproc.crossref}
+{
+  editor empty$
+  editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
+  or
+    { key empty$
+        { format.booktitle duplicate$ empty$
+            { "need editor, key, or booktitle for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
+              crossref * warning$
+            }
+            { word.in swap$ * }
+          if$
+        }
+        { word.in key * " " *}
+      if$
+    }
+    { word.in format.crossref.editor * " " *}
+  if$
+  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+FUNCTION {format.org.or.pub}
+{ 't :=
+  ""
+  address empty$ t empty$ and
+    'skip$
+    {
+      t empty$
+        { address "address" bibinfo.check *
+        }
+        { t *
+          address empty$
+            'skip$
+            { ", " * address "address" bibinfo.check * }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.publisher.address}
+{ publisher "publisher" bibinfo.warn format.org.or.pub
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.organization.address}
+{ organization "organization" bibinfo.check format.org.or.pub
+}
+
+FUNCTION {article}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.colon
+  new.block
+  format.title "title" output.check
+  new.block
+  crossref missing$
+    {
+      journal
+      "journal" bibinfo.check
+      "journal" output.check
+      add.blank
+      format.vol.num.pages output
+      format.date "year" output.check
+    }
+    { format.article.crossref output.nonnull
+      format.pages output
+    }
+  if$
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {book}
+{ output.bibitem
+  author empty$
+    { format.editors "author and editor" output.check
+      add.colon
+    }
+    { format.authors output.nonnull
+      add.colon
+      crossref missing$
+        { "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
+        'skip$
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+  new.block
+  format.btitle "title" output.check
+  crossref missing$
+    { format.bvolume output
+      format.edition output
+      new.block
+      format.number.series output
+      new.sentence
+      format.publisher.address output
+    }
+    {
+      new.block
+      format.book.crossref output.nonnull
+    }
+  if$
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {booklet}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors output
+  add.colon
+  new.block
+  format.title "title" output.check
+  new.block
+  howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output
+  address "address" bibinfo.check output
+  format.date output
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {inbook}
+{ output.bibitem
+  author empty$
+    { format.editors "author and editor" output.check
+      add.colon
+    }
+    { format.authors output.nonnull
+      add.colon
+      crossref missing$
+        { "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
+        'skip$
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+  new.block
+  format.btitle "title" output.check
+  crossref missing$
+    {
+      format.bvolume output
+      format.edition output
+      format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
+      new.block
+      format.number.series output
+      new.sentence
+      format.publisher.address output
+    }
+    {
+      format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
+      new.block
+      format.book.crossref output.nonnull
+    }
+  if$
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {incollection}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.colon
+  new.block
+  format.title "title" output.check
+  new.block
+  crossref missing$
+    { format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
+      format.number.series output
+      format.edition output
+      format.chapter.pages output
+      new.sentence
+      format.publisher.address output
+      format.date "year" output.check
+    }
+    { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
+      format.chapter.pages output
+    }
+  if$
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {inproceedings}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.colon
+  new.block
+  format.title "title" output.check
+  new.block
+  crossref missing$
+    { format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
+      format.number.series output
+      format.pages output
+      new.sentence
+      publisher empty$
+        { format.organization.address output }
+        { organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
+          format.publisher.address output
+        }
+      if$
+      format.date "year" output.check
+    }
+    { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
+      format.pages output
+    }
+  if$
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {conference} { inproceedings }
+FUNCTION {manual}
+{ output.bibitem
+  author empty$
+    { organization "organization" bibinfo.check
+      duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+        { output
+          address "address" bibinfo.check output
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+    { format.authors output.nonnull }
+  if$
+  add.colon
+  new.block
+  format.btitle "title" output.check
+  author empty$
+    { organization empty$
+        {
+          address new.block.checka
+          address "address" bibinfo.check output
+        }
+        'skip$
+      if$
+    }
+    {
+      organization address new.block.checkb
+      organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
+      address "address" bibinfo.check output
+    }
+  if$
+  format.edition output
+  format.date output
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {mastersthesis}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.colon
+  new.block
+  format.title
+  "title" output.check
+  new.block
+  bbl.mthesis format.thesis.type output.nonnull
+  school "school" bibinfo.warn output
+  address "address" bibinfo.check output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {misc}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors output
+  add.colon
+  title howpublished new.block.checkb
+  format.title output
+  howpublished new.block.checka
+  howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output
+  format.date output
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+  empty.misc.check
+}
+FUNCTION {phdthesis}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.colon
+  new.block
+  format.title
+  "title" output.check
+  new.block
+  bbl.phdthesis format.thesis.type output.nonnull
+  school "school" bibinfo.warn output
+  address "address" bibinfo.check output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {proceedings}
+{ output.bibitem
+  editor empty$
+    { organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
+    }
+    { format.editors output.nonnull }
+  if$
+  add.colon
+  new.block
+  format.btitle "title" output.check
+  format.bvolume output
+  format.number.series output
+  editor empty$
+    { publisher empty$
+        'skip$
+        {
+          new.sentence
+          format.publisher.address output
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+    { publisher empty$
+        {
+          new.sentence
+          format.organization.address output }
+        {
+          new.sentence
+          organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
+          format.publisher.address output
+        }
+      if$
+     }
+  if$
+      format.date "year" output.check
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {techreport}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.colon
+  new.block
+  format.title
+  "title" output.check
+  new.block
+  format.tr.number output.nonnull
+  institution "institution" bibinfo.warn output
+  address "address" bibinfo.check output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {unpublished}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.colon
+  new.block
+  format.title "title" output.check
+  format.date output
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note "note" output.check
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {default.type} { misc }
+READ
+FUNCTION {sortify}
+{ purify$
+  "l" change.case$
+}
+INTEGERS { len }
+FUNCTION {chop.word}
+{ 's :=
+  'len :=
+  s #1 len substring$ =
+    { s len #1 + global.max$ substring$ }
+    's
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {sort.format.names}
+{ 's :=
+  #1 'nameptr :=
+  ""
+  s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+  numnames 'namesleft :=
+    { namesleft #0 > }
+    { s nameptr
+      "{ll{ }}{  f{ }}{  jj{ }}"
+      format.name$ 't :=
+      nameptr #1 >
+        {
+          "   "  *
+          namesleft #1 = t "others" = and
+            { "zzzzz" * }
+            { t sortify * }
+          if$
+        }
+        { t sortify * }
+      if$
+      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+    }
+  while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {sort.format.title}
+{ 't :=
+  "A " #2
+    "An " #3
+      "The " #4 t chop.word
+    chop.word
+  chop.word
+  sortify
+  #1 global.max$ substring$
+}
+FUNCTION {author.sort}
+{ author empty$
+    { key empty$
+        { "to sort, need author or key in " cite$ * warning$
+          ""
+        }
+        { key sortify }
+      if$
+    }
+    { author sort.format.names }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {author.editor.sort}
+{ author empty$
+    { editor empty$
+        { key empty$
+            { "to sort, need author, editor, or key in " cite$ * warning$
+              ""
+            }
+            { key sortify }
+          if$
+        }
+        { editor sort.format.names }
+      if$
+    }
+    { author sort.format.names }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {author.organization.sort}
+{ author empty$
+    { organization empty$
+        { key empty$
+            { "to sort, need author, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
+              ""
+            }
+            { key sortify }
+          if$
+        }
+        { "The " #4 organization chop.word sortify }
+      if$
+    }
+    { author sort.format.names }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {editor.organization.sort}
+{ editor empty$
+    { organization empty$
+        { key empty$
+            { "to sort, need editor, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
+              ""
+            }
+            { key sortify }
+          if$
+        }
+        { "The " #4 organization chop.word sortify }
+      if$
+    }
+    { editor sort.format.names }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {presort}
+{ type$ "book" =
+  type$ "inbook" =
+  or
+    'author.editor.sort
+    { type$ "proceedings" =
+        'editor.organization.sort
+        { type$ "manual" =
+            'author.organization.sort
+            'author.sort
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+  "    "
+  *
+  year field.or.null sortify
+  *
+  "    "
+  *
+  title field.or.null
+  sort.format.title
+  *
+  #1 entry.max$ substring$
+  'sort.key$ :=
+}
+ITERATE {presort}
+SORT
+STRINGS { longest.label }
+INTEGERS { number.label longest.label.width }
+FUNCTION {initialize.longest.label}
+{ "" 'longest.label :=
+  #1 'number.label :=
+  #0 'longest.label.width :=
+}
+FUNCTION {longest.label.pass}
+{ number.label int.to.str$ 'label :=
+  number.label #1 + 'number.label :=
+  label width$ longest.label.width >
+    { label 'longest.label :=
+      label width$ 'longest.label.width :=
+    }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+}
+EXECUTE {initialize.longest.label}
+ITERATE {longest.label.pass}
+FUNCTION {begin.bib}
+{ preamble$ empty$
+    'skip$
+    { preamble$ write$ newline$ }
+  if$
+  "\begin{thebibliography}{"  longest.label  * "}" *
+  write$ newline$
+  "\providecommand{\url}[1]{{#1}}"
+  write$ newline$
+  "\providecommand{\urlprefix}{URL }"
+  write$ newline$
+  "\expandafter\ifx\csname urlstyle\endcsname\relax"
+  write$ newline$
+  "  \providecommand{\doi}[1]{DOI~\discretionary{}{}{}#1}\else"
+  write$ newline$
+  "  \providecommand{\doi}{DOI~\discretionary{}{}{}\begingroup \urlstyle{rm}\Url}\fi"
+  write$ newline$
+}
+EXECUTE {begin.bib}
+EXECUTE {init.state.consts}
+ITERATE {call.type$}
+FUNCTION {end.bib}
+{ newline$
+  "\end{thebibliography}" write$ newline$
+}
+EXECUTE {end.bib}
+%% End of customized bst file
+%%
+%% End of file `spmpsci.bst'.
+
diff --git a/styles/spphys.bst b/styles/spphys.bst
@@ -0,0 +1,1442 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `spphys.bst',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% merlin.mbs  (with options: `seq-no,vonx,nm-init,ed-au,yr-par,xmth,jtit-x,jttl-rm,thtit-a,vol-bf,volp-com,jpg-1,pgsep-c,num-xser,ser-vol,ser-ed,jnm-x,pub-date,pre-pub,doi,edpar,edby,fin-bare,pp,ed,abr,ord,jabr,xand,url,url-blk,nfss,')
+%% ----------------------------------------
+%%********************************************************************************%%
+%%                                                                                %%
+%% For Springer physics publications. Based on the APS reference style.           %%
+%% Report bugs and improvements to: Joylene Vette-Guillaume or Frank Holzwarth    %%
+%%                                              Springer-Verlag 2004/10/15        %%
+%%                                                                                %%
+%%********************************************************************************%%
+%%
+%% Copyright 1994-2004 Patrick W Daly
+ % ===============================================================
+ % IMPORTANT NOTICE:
+ % This bibliographic style (bst) file has been generated from one or
+ % more master bibliographic style (mbs) files, listed above.
+ %
+ % This generated file can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
+ % of the LaTeX Project Public License Distributed from CTAN
+ % archives in directory macros/latex/base/lppl.txt; either
+ % version 1 of the License, or any later version.
+ % ===============================================================
+ % Name and version information of the main mbs file:
+ % \ProvidesFile{merlin.mbs}[2004/02/09 4.13 (PWD, AO, DPC)]
+ %   For use with BibTeX version 0.99a or later
+ %-------------------------------------------------------------------
+ % This bibliography style file is intended for texts in ENGLISH
+ % This is a numerical citation style, and as such is standard LaTeX.
+ % It requires no extra package to interface to the main text.
+ % The form of the \bibitem entries is
+ %   \bibitem{key}...
+ % Usage of \cite is as follows:
+ %   \cite{key} ==>>          [#]
+ %   \cite[chap. 2]{key} ==>> [#, chap. 2]
+ % where # is a number determined by the ordering in the reference list.
+ % The order in the reference list is that by which the works were originally
+ %   cited in the text, or that in the database.
+ %---------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ENTRY
+  { address
+    author
+    booktitle
+    chapter
+    doi
+    edition
+    editor
+    eid
+    howpublished
+    institution
+    journal
+    key
+    month
+    note
+    number
+    organization
+    pages
+    publisher
+    school
+    series
+    title
+    type
+    url
+    volume
+    year
+  }
+  {}
+  { label }
+INTEGERS { output.state before.all mid.sentence after.sentence after.block }
+FUNCTION {init.state.consts}
+{ #0 'before.all :=
+  #1 'mid.sentence :=
+  #2 'after.sentence :=
+  #3 'after.block :=
+}
+STRINGS { s t}
+FUNCTION {output.nonnull}
+{ 's :=
+  output.state mid.sentence =
+    { ", " * write$ }
+    { output.state after.block =
+        { add.period$ write$
+          newline$
+          "\newblock " write$
+        }
+        { output.state before.all =
+            'write$
+            { add.period$ " " * write$ }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+      mid.sentence 'output.state :=
+    }
+  if$
+  s
+}
+FUNCTION {output}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+    'pop$
+    'output.nonnull
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {output.check}
+{ 't :=
+  duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
+    'output.nonnull
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {fin.entry}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+    'pop$
+    'write$
+  if$
+  newline$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {new.block}
+{ output.state before.all =
+    'skip$
+    { after.block 'output.state := }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {new.sentence}
+{ output.state after.block =
+    'skip$
+    { output.state before.all =
+        'skip$
+        { after.sentence 'output.state := }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {add.blank}
+{  " " * before.all 'output.state :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION {add.comma}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+    'skip$
+    { "," * add.blank }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {date.block}
+{
+  new.block
+}
+
+FUNCTION {not}
+{   { #0 }
+    { #1 }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {and}
+{   'skip$
+    { pop$ #0 }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {or}
+{   { pop$ #1 }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {new.block.checka}
+{ empty$
+    'skip$
+    'new.block
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {new.block.checkb}
+{ empty$
+  swap$ empty$
+  and
+    'skip$
+    'new.block
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {new.sentence.checka}
+{ empty$
+    'skip$
+    'new.sentence
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {new.sentence.checkb}
+{ empty$
+  swap$ empty$
+  and
+    'skip$
+    'new.sentence
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {field.or.null}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ "" }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {emphasize}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ "" }
+    { "\emph{" swap$ * "}" * }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {bolden}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ "" }
+    { "\textbf{" swap$ * "}" * }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {tie.or.space.prefix}
+{ duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <
+    { "~" }
+    { " " }
+  if$
+  swap$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {capitalize}
+{ "u" change.case$ "t" change.case$ }
+
+FUNCTION {space.word}
+{ " " swap$ * " " * }
+ % Here are the language-specific definitions for explicit words.
+ % Each function has a name bbl.xxx where xxx is the English word.
+ % The language selected here is ENGLISH
+FUNCTION {bbl.and}
+{ "and"}
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.etal}
+{ "et~al." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.editors}
+{ "eds." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.editor}
+{ "ed." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.edby}
+{ "ed. by" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.edition}
+{ "edn." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.volume}
+{ "vol." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.of}
+{ "of" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.number}
+{ "no." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.nr}
+{ "no." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.in}
+{ "in" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.pages}
+{ "pp." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.page}
+{ "p." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.chapter}
+{ "chap." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.techrep}
+{ "Tech. Rep." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.mthesis}
+{ "Master's thesis" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.phdthesis}
+{ "Ph.D. thesis" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.first}
+{ "1st" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.second}
+{ "2nd" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.third}
+{ "3rd" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.fourth}
+{ "4th" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.fifth}
+{ "5th" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.st}
+{ "st" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.nd}
+{ "nd" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.rd}
+{ "rd" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.th}
+{ "th" }
+
+MACRO {jan} {"Jan."}
+
+MACRO {feb} {"Feb."}
+
+MACRO {mar} {"Mar."}
+
+MACRO {apr} {"Apr."}
+
+MACRO {may} {"May"}
+
+MACRO {jun} {"Jun."}
+
+MACRO {jul} {"Jul."}
+
+MACRO {aug} {"Aug."}
+
+MACRO {sep} {"Sep."}
+
+MACRO {oct} {"Oct."}
+
+MACRO {nov} {"Nov."}
+
+MACRO {dec} {"Dec."}
+
+FUNCTION {eng.ord}
+{ duplicate$ "1" swap$ *
+  #-2 #1 substring$ "1" =
+     { bbl.th * }
+     { duplicate$ #-1 #1 substring$
+       duplicate$ "1" =
+         { pop$ bbl.st * }
+         { duplicate$ "2" =
+             { pop$ bbl.nd * }
+             { "3" =
+                 { bbl.rd * }
+                 { bbl.th * }
+               if$
+             }
+           if$
+          }
+       if$
+     }
+   if$
+}
+
+MACRO {acmcs} {"ACM Comput. Surv."}
+
+MACRO {acta} {"Acta Inf."}
+
+MACRO {cacm} {"Commun. ACM"}
+
+MACRO {ibmjrd} {"IBM J. Res. Dev."}
+
+MACRO {ibmsj} {"IBM Syst.~J."}
+
+MACRO {ieeese} {"IEEE Trans. Software Eng."}
+
+MACRO {ieeetc} {"IEEE Trans. Comput."}
+
+MACRO {ieeetcad}
+ {"IEEE Trans. Comput. Aid. Des."}
+
+MACRO {ipl} {"Inf. Process. Lett."}
+
+MACRO {jacm} {"J.~ACM"}
+
+MACRO {jcss} {"J.~Comput. Syst. Sci."}
+
+MACRO {scp} {"Sci. Comput. Program."}
+
+MACRO {sicomp} {"SIAM J. Comput."}
+
+MACRO {tocs} {"ACM Trans. Comput. Syst."}
+
+MACRO {tods} {"ACM Trans. Database Syst."}
+
+MACRO {tog} {"ACM Trans. Graphic."}
+
+MACRO {toms} {"ACM Trans. Math. Software"}
+
+MACRO {toois} {"ACM Trans. Office Inf. Syst."}
+
+MACRO {toplas} {"ACM Trans. Progr. Lang. Syst."}
+
+MACRO {tcs} {"Theor. Comput. Sci."}
+
+FUNCTION {bibinfo.check}
+{ swap$
+  duplicate$ missing$
+    {
+      pop$ pop$
+      ""
+    }
+    { duplicate$ empty$
+        {
+          swap$ pop$
+        }
+        { swap$
+          pop$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {bibinfo.warn}
+{ swap$
+  duplicate$ missing$
+    {
+      swap$ "missing " swap$ * " in " * cite$ * warning$ pop$
+      ""
+    }
+    { duplicate$ empty$
+        {
+          swap$ "empty " swap$ * " in " * cite$ * warning$
+        }
+        { swap$
+          pop$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.url}
+{ url empty$
+    { "" }
+    { "\urlprefix\url{" url * "}" * }
+  if$
+}
+
+STRINGS  { bibinfo}
+INTEGERS { nameptr namesleft numnames }
+
+FUNCTION {format.names}
+{ 'bibinfo :=
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ {
+  's :=
+  "" 't :=
+  #1 'nameptr :=
+  s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+  numnames 'namesleft :=
+    { namesleft #0 > }
+    { s nameptr
+      "{f{.}.~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}"
+      format.name$
+      bibinfo bibinfo.check
+      't :=
+      nameptr #1 >
+        {
+          namesleft #1 >
+            { ", " * t * }
+            {
+              "," *
+              s nameptr "{ll}" format.name$ duplicate$ "others" =
+                { 't := }
+                { pop$ }
+              if$
+              t "others" =
+                {
+                  " " * bbl.etal *
+                }
+                { " " * t * }
+              if$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+        't
+      if$
+      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+    }
+  while$
+  } if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.names.ed}
+{
+  format.names
+}
+FUNCTION {format.authors}
+{ author "author" format.names
+}
+FUNCTION {get.bbl.editor}
+{ editor num.names$ #1 > 'bbl.editors 'bbl.editor if$ }
+
+FUNCTION {format.editors}
+{ editor "editor" format.names duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      " " *
+      get.bbl.editor
+   "(" swap$ * ")" *
+      *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.doi}
+{ doi "doi" bibinfo.check
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      new.block
+      "\doi{" swap$ * "}" *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.note}
+{
+ note empty$
+    { "" }
+    { note #1 #1 substring$
+      duplicate$ "{" =
+        'skip$
+        { output.state mid.sentence =
+          { "l" }
+          { "u" }
+        if$
+        change.case$
+        }
+      if$
+      note #2 global.max$ substring$ * "note" bibinfo.check
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.title}
+{ title
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    { "t" change.case$ }
+  if$
+  "title" bibinfo.check
+}
+FUNCTION {output.bibitem}
+{ newline$
+  "\bibitem{" write$
+  cite$ write$
+  "}" write$
+  newline$
+  ""
+  before.all 'output.state :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION {if.digit}
+{ duplicate$ "0" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "1" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "2" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "3" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "4" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "5" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "6" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "7" =
+  swap$ duplicate$ "8" =
+  swap$ "9" = or or or or or or or or or
+}
+FUNCTION {n.separate}
+{ 't :=
+  ""
+  #0 'numnames :=
+  { t empty$ not }
+  { t #-1 #1 substring$ if.digit
+      { numnames #1 + 'numnames := }
+      { #0 'numnames := }
+    if$
+    t #-1 #1 substring$ swap$ *
+    t #-2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+    numnames #5 =
+      { duplicate$ #1 #2 substring$ swap$
+        #3 global.max$ substring$
+        "," swap$ * *
+      }
+      'skip$
+    if$
+  }
+  while$
+}
+FUNCTION {n.dashify}
+{
+  n.separate
+  't :=
+  ""
+    { t empty$ not }
+    { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" =
+        { t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not
+            { "--" *
+              t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+            }
+            {   { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = }
+                { "-" *
+                  t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+                }
+              while$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+        { t #1 #1 substring$ *
+          t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {word.in}
+{ bbl.in
+  " " * }
+
+FUNCTION {format.date}
+{
+  ""
+  duplicate$ empty$
+  year  "year"  bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$
+    { swap$ 'skip$
+        { "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$ }
+      if$
+      *
+    }
+    { swap$ 'skip$
+        {
+          swap$
+          " " * swap$
+        }
+      if$
+      *
+    }
+  if$
+  duplicate$ empty$
+    'skip$
+    {
+      before.all 'output.state :=
+    " (" swap$ * ")" *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.btitle}
+{ title "title" bibinfo.check
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      emphasize
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {either.or.check}
+{ empty$
+    'pop$
+    { "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.bvolume}
+{ volume empty$
+    { "" }
+    { bbl.volume volume tie.or.space.prefix
+      "volume" bibinfo.check * *
+      series "series" bibinfo.check
+      duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+        { emphasize ", " * swap$ * }
+      if$
+      "volume and number" number either.or.check
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.number.series}
+{ volume empty$
+    { number empty$
+        { series field.or.null }
+        { series empty$
+            { number "number" bibinfo.check }
+            { output.state mid.sentence =
+                { bbl.number }
+                { bbl.number capitalize }
+              if$
+              number tie.or.space.prefix "number" bibinfo.check * *
+              bbl.in space.word *
+              series "series" bibinfo.check *
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+    { "" }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {is.num}
+{ chr.to.int$
+  duplicate$ "0" chr.to.int$ < not
+  swap$ "9" chr.to.int$ > not and
+}
+
+FUNCTION {extract.num}
+{ duplicate$ 't :=
+  "" 's :=
+  { t empty$ not }
+  { t #1 #1 substring$
+    t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+    duplicate$ is.num
+      { s swap$ * 's := }
+      { pop$ "" 't := }
+    if$
+  }
+  while$
+  s empty$
+    'skip$
+    { pop$ s }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {convert.edition}
+{ extract.num "l" change.case$ 's :=
+  s "first" = s "1" = or
+    { bbl.first 't := }
+    { s "second" = s "2" = or
+        { bbl.second 't := }
+        { s "third" = s "3" = or
+            { bbl.third 't := }
+            { s "fourth" = s "4" = or
+                { bbl.fourth 't := }
+                { s "fifth" = s "5" = or
+                    { bbl.fifth 't := }
+                    { s #1 #1 substring$ is.num
+                        { s eng.ord 't := }
+                        { edition 't := }
+                      if$
+                    }
+                  if$
+                }
+              if$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+  t
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.edition}
+{ edition duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      convert.edition
+      output.state mid.sentence =
+        { "l" }
+        { "t" }
+      if$ change.case$
+      "edition" bibinfo.check
+      " " * bbl.edition *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+INTEGERS { multiresult }
+FUNCTION {multi.page.check}
+{ 't :=
+  #0 'multiresult :=
+    { multiresult not
+      t empty$ not
+      and
+    }
+    { t #1 #1 substring$
+      duplicate$ "-" =
+      swap$ duplicate$ "," =
+      swap$ "+" =
+      or or
+        { #1 'multiresult := }
+        { t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := }
+      if$
+    }
+  while$
+  multiresult
+}
+FUNCTION {format.pages}
+{ pages duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    { duplicate$ multi.page.check
+        {
+          bbl.pages swap$
+          n.dashify
+        }
+        {
+          bbl.page swap$
+        }
+      if$
+      tie.or.space.prefix
+      "pages" bibinfo.check
+      * *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {first.page}
+{ 't :=
+  ""
+    {  t empty$ not t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = not and }
+    { t #1 #1 substring$ *
+      t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+    }
+  while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.journal.pages}
+{ pages duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+    { swap$ duplicate$ empty$
+        { pop$ pop$ format.pages }
+        {
+          ", " *
+          swap$
+          first.page
+          "pages" bibinfo.check
+          *
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.journal.eid}
+{ eid "eid" bibinfo.check
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+    { swap$ duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+      {
+          ", " *
+      }
+      if$
+      swap$ *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.vol.num.pages}
+{ volume field.or.null
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      "volume" bibinfo.check
+    }
+  if$
+  bolden
+  number "number" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      swap$ duplicate$ empty$
+        { "there's a number but no volume in " cite$ * warning$ }
+        'skip$
+      if$
+      swap$
+      "(" swap$ * ")" *
+    }
+  if$ *
+  eid empty$
+    { format.journal.pages }
+    { format.journal.eid }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.chapter.pages}
+{ chapter empty$
+    'format.pages
+    { type empty$
+        { bbl.chapter }
+        { type "l" change.case$
+          "type" bibinfo.check
+        }
+      if$
+      chapter tie.or.space.prefix
+      "chapter" bibinfo.check
+      * *
+      pages empty$
+        'skip$
+        { ", " * format.pages * }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.booktitle}
+{
+  booktitle "booktitle" bibinfo.check
+  emphasize
+}
+FUNCTION {format.in.ed.booktitle}
+{ format.booktitle duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      format.bvolume duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+        { ", " swap$ * * }
+      if$
+      editor "editor" format.names.ed duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+        {
+          bbl.edby
+          " " * swap$ *
+          swap$
+          "," *
+          " " * swap$
+          * }
+      if$
+      word.in swap$ *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {empty.misc.check}
+{ author empty$ title empty$ howpublished empty$
+  month empty$ year empty$ note empty$
+  and and and and and
+    { "all relevant fields are empty in " cite$ * warning$ }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.thesis.type}
+{ type duplicate$ empty$
+    'pop$
+    { swap$ pop$
+      "t" change.case$ "type" bibinfo.check
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.tr.number}
+{ number "number" bibinfo.check
+  type duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ bbl.techrep }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+  "type" bibinfo.check
+  swap$ duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ "t" change.case$ }
+    { tie.or.space.prefix * * }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.article.crossref}
+{
+  key duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$
+      journal duplicate$ empty$
+        { "need key or journal for " cite$ * " to crossref " * crossref * warning$ }
+        { "journal" bibinfo.check emphasize word.in swap$ * }
+      if$
+    }
+    { word.in swap$ * " " *}
+  if$
+  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+FUNCTION {format.crossref.editor}
+{ editor #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
+  "editor" bibinfo.check
+  editor num.names$ duplicate$
+  #2 >
+    { pop$
+      "editor" bibinfo.check
+      " " * bbl.etal
+      *
+    }
+    { #2 <
+        'skip$
+        { editor #2 "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
+            {
+              "editor" bibinfo.check
+              " " * bbl.etal
+              *
+            }
+            {
+             bbl.and space.word
+              * editor #2 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
+              "editor" bibinfo.check
+              *
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.book.crossref}
+{ volume duplicate$ empty$
+    { "empty volume in " cite$ * "'s crossref of " * crossref * warning$
+      pop$ word.in
+    }
+    { bbl.volume
+      capitalize
+      swap$ tie.or.space.prefix "volume" bibinfo.check * * bbl.of space.word *
+    }
+  if$
+  editor empty$
+  editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
+  or
+    { key empty$
+        { series empty$
+            { "need editor, key, or series for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
+              crossref * warning$
+              "" *
+            }
+            { series emphasize * }
+          if$
+        }
+        { key * }
+      if$
+    }
+    { format.crossref.editor * }
+  if$
+  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+FUNCTION {format.incoll.inproc.crossref}
+{
+  editor empty$
+  editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
+  or
+    { key empty$
+        { format.booktitle duplicate$ empty$
+            { "need editor, key, or booktitle for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
+              crossref * warning$
+            }
+            { word.in swap$ * }
+          if$
+        }
+        { word.in key * " " *}
+      if$
+    }
+    { word.in format.crossref.editor * " " *}
+  if$
+  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+FUNCTION {format.org.or.pub}
+{ 't :=
+  ""
+  year empty$
+    { "empty year in " cite$ * warning$ }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+  address empty$ t empty$ and
+  year empty$ and
+    'skip$
+    {
+      add.blank "(" *
+      t empty$
+        { address "address" bibinfo.check *
+        }
+        { t *
+          address empty$
+            'skip$
+            { ", " * address "address" bibinfo.check * }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+      year empty$
+        'skip$
+        { t empty$ address empty$ and
+            'skip$
+            { ", " * }
+          if$
+          year "year" bibinfo.check
+          *
+        }
+      if$
+      ")" *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.publisher.address}
+{ publisher "publisher" bibinfo.warn format.org.or.pub
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.organization.address}
+{ organization "organization" bibinfo.check format.org.or.pub
+}
+
+FUNCTION {article}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.comma
+  crossref missing$
+    {
+      journal
+      "journal" bibinfo.check
+      "journal" output.check
+      add.blank
+      format.vol.num.pages output
+      format.date "year" output.check
+    }
+    { format.article.crossref output.nonnull
+      format.pages output
+    }
+  if$
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {book}
+{ output.bibitem
+  author empty$
+    { format.editors "author and editor" output.check
+    }
+    { format.authors output.nonnull
+      crossref missing$
+        { "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
+        'skip$
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+  add.comma
+  format.btitle "title" output.check
+  crossref missing$
+    { format.bvolume output
+      format.edition output
+      new.block
+      format.number.series output
+      new.sentence
+      format.publisher.address output
+    }
+    {
+      new.block
+      format.book.crossref output.nonnull
+      format.date "year" output.check
+    }
+  if$
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {booklet}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors output
+  add.comma
+  format.title "title" output.check
+  new.block
+  howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output
+  address "address" bibinfo.check output
+  format.date output
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {inbook}
+{ output.bibitem
+  author empty$
+    { format.editors "author and editor" output.check
+    }
+    { format.authors output.nonnull
+      crossref missing$
+        { "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
+        'skip$
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+  add.comma
+  format.btitle "title" output.check
+  crossref missing$
+    {
+      format.publisher.address output
+      format.bvolume output
+      format.edition output
+      format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
+      new.block
+      format.number.series output
+      new.sentence
+    }
+    {
+      format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
+      new.block
+      format.book.crossref output.nonnull
+      format.date "year" output.check
+    }
+  if$
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {incollection}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.comma
+  crossref missing$
+    { format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
+      format.edition output
+      format.number.series output
+      format.publisher.address output
+      format.chapter.pages output
+      new.sentence
+    }
+    { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
+      format.chapter.pages output
+    }
+  if$
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {inproceedings}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.comma
+  crossref missing$
+    { format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
+      new.sentence
+      publisher empty$
+        { format.organization.address output }
+        { organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
+          format.publisher.address output
+        }
+      if$
+      format.bvolume output
+      format.number.series output
+      format.pages output
+    }
+    { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
+      format.pages output
+    }
+  if$
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {conference} { inproceedings }
+FUNCTION {manual}
+{ output.bibitem
+  author empty$
+    { organization "organization" bibinfo.check
+      duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+        { output
+          address "address" bibinfo.check output
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+    { format.authors output.nonnull }
+  if$
+  add.comma
+  format.btitle "title" output.check
+  author empty$
+    { organization empty$
+        {
+          address new.block.checka
+          address "address" bibinfo.check output
+        }
+        'skip$
+      if$
+    }
+    {
+      organization address new.block.checkb
+      organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
+      address "address" bibinfo.check output
+    }
+  if$
+  format.edition output
+  format.date output
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {mastersthesis}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.comma
+  format.title
+  "title" output.check
+  new.block
+  bbl.mthesis format.thesis.type output.nonnull
+  school "school" bibinfo.warn output
+  address "address" bibinfo.check output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {misc}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors output
+  title howpublished new.block.checkb
+  format.title output
+  howpublished new.block.checka
+  howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output
+  format.date output
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+  empty.misc.check
+}
+FUNCTION {phdthesis}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.comma
+  format.title
+  "title" output.check
+  new.block
+  bbl.phdthesis format.thesis.type output.nonnull
+  school "school" bibinfo.warn output
+  address "address" bibinfo.check output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {proceedings}
+{ output.bibitem
+  editor empty$
+    { organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
+    }
+    { format.editors output.nonnull }
+  if$
+  new.block
+  format.btitle "title" output.check
+  format.bvolume output
+  format.number.series output
+  editor empty$
+    { publisher empty$
+        'skip$
+        {
+          new.sentence
+          format.publisher.address output
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+    { publisher empty$
+        {
+          new.sentence
+          format.organization.address output }
+        {
+          new.sentence
+          organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
+          format.publisher.address output
+        }
+      if$
+     }
+  if$
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {techreport}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.comma
+  format.title
+  "title" output.check
+  new.block
+  format.tr.number output.nonnull
+  institution "institution" bibinfo.warn output
+  address "address" bibinfo.check output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {unpublished}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.comma
+  format.title "title" output.check
+  format.date output
+  format.doi output
+  new.block
+  format.url output
+  new.block
+  format.note "note" output.check
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {default.type} { misc }
+READ
+STRINGS { longest.label }
+INTEGERS { number.label longest.label.width }
+FUNCTION {initialize.longest.label}
+{ "" 'longest.label :=
+  #1 'number.label :=
+  #0 'longest.label.width :=
+}
+FUNCTION {longest.label.pass}
+{ number.label int.to.str$ 'label :=
+  number.label #1 + 'number.label :=
+  label width$ longest.label.width >
+    { label 'longest.label :=
+      label width$ 'longest.label.width :=
+    }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+}
+EXECUTE {initialize.longest.label}
+ITERATE {longest.label.pass}
+FUNCTION {begin.bib}
+{ preamble$ empty$
+    'skip$
+    { preamble$ write$ newline$ }
+  if$
+  "\begin{thebibliography}{"  longest.label  * "}" *
+  write$ newline$
+  "\providecommand{\url}[1]{{#1}}"
+  write$ newline$
+  "\providecommand{\urlprefix}{URL }"
+  write$ newline$
+  "\expandafter\ifx\csname urlstyle\endcsname\relax"
+  write$ newline$
+  "  \providecommand{\doi}[1]{DOI \discretionary{}{}{}#1}\else"
+  write$ newline$
+  "  \providecommand{\doi}{DOI \discretionary{}{}{}\begingroup \urlstyle{rm}\Url}\fi"
+  write$ newline$
+}
+EXECUTE {begin.bib}
+EXECUTE {init.state.consts}
+ITERATE {call.type$}
+FUNCTION {end.bib}
+{ newline$
+  "\end{thebibliography}" write$ newline$
+}
+EXECUTE {end.bib}
+%% End of customized bst file
+%%
+%% End of file `spphys.bst'.
+
diff --git a/styles/svind.ist b/styles/svind.ist
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+headings_flag 1
+heading_prefix "{\\bf "
+heading_suffix "}\\nopagebreak%\n \\indexspace\\nopagebreak%"
+delim_0 "\\idxquad "
+delim_1 "\\idxquad "
+delim_2 "\\idxquad "
+delim_n ",\\,"
diff --git a/styles/svindd.ist b/styles/svindd.ist
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+quote '+'
+headings_flag 1
+heading_prefix "{\\bf "
+heading_suffix "}\\nopagebreak%\n \\indexspace\\nopagebreak%"
+delim_0 "\\idxquad "
+delim_1 "\\idxquad "
+delim_2 "\\idxquad "
+delim_n ",\\,"
diff --git a/svmult.cls b/svmult.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,2369 @@
+% SVMULT DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 5.4 (25-Jun-07)
+% Springer Verlag global LaTeX2e support for multi authored books
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%%  {Upper-case    \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%%   Lower-case    \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%%   Digits        \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%%   Exclamation   \!     Double quote  \"     Hash (number) \#
+%%   Dollar        \$     Percent       \%     Ampersand     \&
+%%   Acute accent  \'     Left paren    \(     Right paren   \)
+%%   Asterisk      \*     Plus          \+     Comma         \,
+%%   Minus         \-     Point         \.     Solidus       \/
+%%   Colon         \:     Semicolon     \;     Less than     \<
+%%   Equals        \=     Greater than  \>     Question mark \?
+%%   Commercial at \@     Left bracket  \[     Backslash     \\
+%%   Right bracket \]     Circumflex    \^     Underscore    \_
+%%   Grave accent  \`     Left brace    \{     Vertical bar  \|
+%%   Right brace   \}     Tilde         \~}
+%%
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svmult}[2007/06/25 v5.4
+^^JSpringer Verlag global LaTeX document class for multi authored books]
+% Options
+% citations
+\DeclareOption{natbib}{\ExecuteOptions{oribibl}%
+\AtEndOfClass{% Loading package 'NATBIB'
+\RequirePackage{natbib}
+% Changing some parameters of NATBIB
+\setlength{\bibhang}{\parindent}
+%\setlength{\bibsep}{0mm}
+\let\bibfont=\small
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\newcommand{\etal}{\textit{et al}.}
+%\bibpunct[,]{(}{)}{;}{a}{}{,}}}
+}}
+% Springer environment
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+%
+\let\envankh\@empty   % no anchor for "theorems"
+%
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse % environment counter is not reset
+\let\if@envcntresetsect=\iffalse % reset each section
+\DeclareOption{envcountresetchap}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{envcountresetsect}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue
+\let\if@envcntresetsect=\iftrue}
+%
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse  % NOT all environments work like "Theorem",
+                            % each using its own counter
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+%
+\let\if@envcntshowhiercnt=\iffalse % do not show hierarchy counter at all
+%
+% enhance theorem counter
+\DeclareOption{envcountchap}{\def\envankh{chapter}% show \thechapter along with theorem number
+\let\if@envcntshowhiercnt=\iftrue}
+%
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\def\envankh{section}% show \thesection along with theorem number
+\let\if@envcntshowhiercnt=\iftrue
+\ExecuteOptions{envcountresetsect}}
+% reset environment counters every new contribution by default
+\ExecuteOptions{envcountresetchap}
+%
+% languages
+\let\switcht@@therlang\relax
+\let\svlanginfo\relax
+\def\ds@deutsch{\def\switcht@@therlang{\switcht@deutsch}%
+\gdef\svlanginfo{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}\global\let\svlanginfo\relax}}
+\def\ds@francais{\def\switcht@@therlang{\switcht@francais}%
+\gdef\svlanginfo{\typeout{On parle francais.}\global\let\svlanginfo\relax}}
+%
+\AtBeginDocument{\@ifundefined{url}{\def\url#1{#1}}{}%
+\@ifpackageloaded{babel}{%
+\@ifundefined{extrasamerican}{}{\addto\extrasamerican{\switcht@albion}}%
+\@ifundefined{extrasaustralian}{}{\addto\extrasaustralian{\switcht@albion}}%
+\@ifundefined{extrasbritish}{}{\addto\extrasbritish{\switcht@albion}}%
+\@ifundefined{extrascanadian}{}{\addto\extrascanadian{\switcht@albion}}%
+\@ifundefined{extrasenglish}{}{\addto\extrasenglish{\switcht@albion}}%
+\@ifundefined{extrasnewzealand}{}{\addto\extrasnewzealand{\switcht@albion}}%
+\@ifundefined{extrasUKenglish}{}{\addto\extrasUKenglish{\switcht@albion}}%
+\@ifundefined{extrasUSenglish}{}{\addto\extrasUSenglish{\switcht@albion}}%
+\@ifundefined{captionsfrench}{}{\addto\captionsfrench{\switcht@francais}}%
+\@ifundefined{extrasgerman}{}{\addto\extrasgerman{\switcht@deutsch}}%
+\@ifundefined{extrasngerman}{}{\addto\extrasngerman{\switcht@deutsch}}%
+}{\switcht@@therlang}%
+}
+% numbering style of floats, equations
+% \newif\if@numart   \@numartfalse
+% \DeclareOption{numart}{\@numarttrue}
+% numbering of headings
+\let\if@chapnum=\iftrue
+\def\nixchapnum{\let\if@chapnum\iffalse}
+\def\numstyle{0}
+\DeclareOption{nosecnum}{\def\numstyle{1}}%
+% \DeclareOption{nochapnum}{\def\numstyle{2}}%
+% \DeclareOption{nonum}{\def\numstyle{3}}%
+\def\set@numbering{\ifcase\numstyle %\if@numart\else\num@book\fi %default
+\or % 1-case - no \section-numbers
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{0}% \if@numart\else\num@book\fi
+% \or % 2-case
+% % chapter not numbered, but \sections are
+% \def\thesection{\@arabic\c@section}%
+% \nixchapnum
+% \or % 3-case
+% % neither chapter nor sections numbered + "numart"
+% \nixchapnum
+% \setcounter{secnumdepth}{0}%
+\else\fi}
+\AtEndOfClass{\set@numbering}
+% style for vectors
+\DeclareOption{vecphys}{\def\vec@style{phys}}
+\DeclareOption{vecarrow}{\def\vec@style{arrow}}
+% running heads
+\let\if@runhead\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{norunningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iffalse}
+% referee option
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}\selectfont
+\newbox\refereebox
+\setbox\refereebox=\vbox to\z@{\vskip0.5cm%
+  \hbox to\textwidth{\normalsize\tt\hrulefill\lower0.5ex
+        \hbox{\kern5\p@ referee's copy\kern5\p@}\hrulefill}\vss}%
+\def\@oddfoot{\copy\refereebox}\let\@evenfoot=\@oddfoot}
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue
+\AtBeginDocument{\makereferee\small\normalsize}}
+% modification of thebibliography
+\let\if@openbib\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{\let\if@openbib\iftrue}
+% LaTeX standard, sectionwise references
+\DeclareOption{oribibl}{\let\oribibl=Y}
+\DeclareOption{chaprefs}{\let\chpbibl=Y}
+%
+% footinfo option (provides an informatory line on every page)
+\def\SpringerMacroPackageNameA{svmult.cls}
+% \thetime, \thedate and \timstamp are macros to include
+% time, date (or both) of the TeX run in the document
+\def\maketimestamp{\count255=\time
+\divide\count255 by 60\relax
+\edef\thetime{\the\count255:}%
+\multiply\count255 by-60\relax
+\advance\count255 by\time
+\edef\thetime{\thetime\ifnum\count255<10 0\fi\the\count255}
+\edef\thedate{\number\day-\ifcase\month\or Jan\or Feb\or Mar\or
+             Apr\or May\or Jun\or Jul\or Aug\or Sep\or Oct\or
+             Nov\or Dec\fi-\number\year}
+\def\timstamp{\hbox to\hsize{\tt\hfil\thedate\hfil\thetime\hfil}}}
+\maketimestamp
+%
+% \footinfo generates a info footline on every page containing
+% pagenumber, jobname, macroname, and timestamp
+\DeclareOption{footinfo}{\AtBeginDocument{\maketimestamp
+   \def\ps@empty{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+   \let\@oddhead\@empty\let\@evenhead\@empty}%
+   \def\@oddfoot{\scriptsize\tt Page:\,\thepage\space\hfil
+                 job:\,\jobname\space\hfil
+                 macro:\,\SpringerMacroPackageNameA\space\hfil
+                 date/time:\,\thedate/\thetime}%
+   \let\@evenfoot=\@oddfoot}}
+%
+% start new chapter on any page
+\newif\if@openright \@openrighttrue
+\DeclareOption{openany}{\@openrightfalse}
+%
+% no size changing allowed
+\DeclareOption{11pt}{\OptionNotUsed}
+\DeclareOption{12pt}{\OptionNotUsed}
+% options for the article class
+\def\@rticle@options{10pt,twoside}
+% fleqn
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\def\@rticle@options{10pt,twoside,fleqn}%
+\AtEndOfClass{\let\leftlegendglue\relax}%
+\AtBeginDocument{\mathindent\parindent}}
+% hanging sectioning titles
+\let\if@sechang\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nosechang}{\let\if@sechang\iffalse}
+% hanging sectioning titles
+\def\ClassInfoNoLine#1#2{%
+   \ClassInfo{#1}{#2\@gobble}%
+}
+%
+\DeclareOption{graybox}{%
+\AtEndOfClass{% Loading color package
+\RequirePackage{color}%
+% defining values of gray
+\definecolor{shadecolor}{gray}{.85}%
+\definecolor{tintedcolor}{gray}{.80}%
+\RequirePackage{framed}%
+%
+\newenvironment{tinted}{%
+  \def\FrameCommand{\colorbox{tintedcolor}}%
+  \MakeFramed {\FrameRestore}}%
+ {\endMakeFramed}%
+%
+\renewenvironment{svgraybox}%
+       {\fboxsep=12pt\relax
+        \begin{shaded}%
+        \list{}{\leftmargin=12pt\rightmargin=2\leftmargin\leftmargin=\z@\topsep=\z@\relax}%
+        \expandafter\item\parindent=\svparindent
+        \hskip-\listparindent}%
+       {\endlist\end{shaded}}%
+%
+\renewenvironment{svtintedbox}%
+       {\fboxsep=12pt\relax
+        \begin{tinted}%
+        \list{}{\leftmargin=12pt\rightmargin=2\leftmargin\leftmargin=\z@\topsep=\z@\relax}%
+        \expandafter\item\parindent=\svparindent
+        \relax}%
+       {\endlist\end{tinted}}%
+%
+}}
+%
+\let\SVMultOpt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\global\let\SVMultOpt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVMult}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" \MessageBreak not found -
+passing it to article class \MessageBreak
+-}\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{article}%
+}}
+\ProcessOptions\relax
+\ifx\SVMultOpt\@empty\relax
+\ClassInfoNoLine{Springer-SVMult}{extra/valid Springer sub-package
+\MessageBreak not found in option list - using "global" style}{}
+\fi
+\LoadClass[\@rticle@options]{article}
+\raggedbottom
+
+% various sizes and settings for contributed works
+
+\setlength{\textwidth}{117mm}
+%\setlength{\textheight}{12pt}\multiply\textheight by 45\relax
+\setlength{\textheight}{191mm}
+\setlength{\topmargin}{0cm}
+\setlength\oddsidemargin   {63\p@}
+\setlength\evensidemargin  {63\p@}
+\setlength\marginparwidth{90\p@}
+\setlength\headsep   {12\p@}
+
+\newdimen\svparindent
+\setlength{\svparindent}{12\p@}
+\parindent\svparindent
+
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+
+\setlength{\parskip}{\z@ \@plus \p@}
+\setlength{\hfuzz}{2\p@}
+\setlength{\arraycolsep}{1.5\p@}
+
+\frenchspacing
+
+\tolerance=500
+
+\predisplaypenalty=0
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+
+\setlength\footnotesep{7.7\p@}
+
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace          % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=5\p@              % number and text of titles
+\newdimen\headlineindent             % dimension for space of
+\headlineindent=2.5cc                % number and gap of running heads
+
+% fonts, sizes, and the like
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+   \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt\@xiipt
+   \abovedisplayskip 10\p@ % \@plus2\p@ \@minus5\p@
+   \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ % \@plus3\p@
+   \belowdisplayshortskip 6\p@ %\@plus3\p@ \@minus3\p@
+   \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+   \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\renewcommand\small{%
+   \@setfontsize\small{8.5}{10}%
+   \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ % \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+   \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ %\@plus2\p@
+   \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ %\@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+   \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+               \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@
+               \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+               \itemsep\z@}%
+   \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+%
+\let\footnotesize=\small
+%
+\renewcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\large{14}{16}}
+\newcommand\LArge{\@setfontsize\Large{16}{18}}
+\renewcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE{18}{20}}
+%
+\newenvironment{petit}{\par\addvspace{6\p@}\small}{\par\addvspace{6\p@}}
+%
+
+% modification of automatic positioning of floating objects
+\setlength\@fptop{\z@ }
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ }
+\setlength\@fpbot{\z@ \@plus 1fil }
+\def\textfraction{.01}
+\def\floatpagefraction{.8}
+\setlength{\intextsep}{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{24\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\def\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\def\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+%
+% size and style of headings
+\newcommand{\partnumsize}{\LArge}
+\newcommand{\partnumstyle}{\bfseries\boldmath}
+\newcommand{\partsize}{\LARGE}
+\newcommand{\partstyle}{\bfseries\boldmath}
+\newcommand{\chapnumsize}{\Large}
+\newcommand{\chapnumstyle}{\bfseries\boldmath}
+\newcommand{\chapsize}{\LArge}
+\newcommand{\chapstyle}{\bfseries\boldmath}
+\newcommand{\chapauthsize}{\normalsize}
+\newcommand{\chapauthstyle}{\bfseries\boldmath}
+\newcommand{\mottosize}{\small}
+\newcommand{\mottostyle}{\itshape\unboldmath\raggedright}
+\newcommand{\secsize}{\large}
+\newcommand{\secstyle}{\bfseries\boldmath}
+\newcommand{\subsecsize}{\large}
+\newcommand{\subsecstyle}{\bfseries\itshape\boldmath}
+\newcommand{\subsubsecstyle}{\bfseries\boldmath}
+%
+\def\cleardoublepage{\clearpage\if@twoside \ifodd\c@page\else
+    \hbox{}\newpage\if@twocolumn\hbox{}\newpage\fi\fi\fi}
+
+\newcommand{\clearemptydoublepage}{%
+        \clearpage{\pagestyle{empty}\cleardoublepage}}
+\newcommand{\startnewpage}{\if@openright\clearemptydoublepage\else\clearpage\fi}
+
+% MiniTOC
+% one outputstream for all minitocs
+\newwrite\minitoc
+\let\MiniTOC=N % switch for MT processing in .aux files
+\newcounter{minitocdepth}
+\setcounter{minitocdepth}{0}
+
+% stolen from LaTeX.ltx - read miniTOC and redirect output stream
+\long\def \protected@immwrite#1#2#3{%
+      \begingroup
+       \let\thepage\relax
+       #2%
+       \let\protect\@unexpandable@protect
+       \edef\reserved@a{\immediate\write#1{#3}}%
+       \reserved@a
+      \endgroup
+      \if@nobreak\ifvmode\nobreak\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand{\@mtstarttoc}[1]
+{\begingroup
+ \makeatletter
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\immediate\string\closeout\string\minitoc}%
+ \typeout{input jobname.#1}%
+\small
+ \@input{\jobname.#1}%
+ \protected@immwrite\@auxout
+   {\let\label\@gobble \let\index\@gobble
+    \let\glossary\@gobble}%
+   {\immediate\openout\minitoc \jobname.#1\relax}
+ \global\@nobreakfalse\endgroup}
+%
+\newcommand{\@mtstarttocquiet}[1]
+{\begingroup
+ \makeatletter
+ \protected@write\@auxout
+   {\let\label\@gobble \let\index\@gobble
+    \let\glossary\@gobble}%
+   {\immediate\openout\minitoc \jobname.#1\relax}
+ \global\@nobreakfalse\endgroup}
+%
+\newcommand{\mtaddtocont}[1]
+{\protected@write \@auxout
+  {\let\label\@gobble \let\index\@gobble
+   \let\glossary\@gobble}%
+  {\string\@mtwritefile{#1}}}
+%
+\newcommand{\@mtwritefile}[1]{\if Y\MiniTOC
+\@temptokena{#1} \immediate\write\minitoc{\the\@temptokena}\fi}
+
+\AtEndDocument{\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\immediate\string\closeout\string\minitoc}}
+
+\newcommand{\dominitoc}{% switch \let\MiniTOC=Y
+    \protected@immwrite\@auxout{}{\let\MiniTOC=Y}%
+    \ifnum \c@minitocdepth<1
+        \@mtstarttocquiet{t\thecontribution}\relax
+    \else
+        \@mtstarttoc{t\thecontribution}\par\addvspace\bigskipamount
+    \fi}
+
+% redefinition of \part
+\renewcommand\part{\clearemptydoublepage
+         \thispagestyle{empty}
+         \if@twocolumn
+            \onecolumn
+            \@tempswatrue
+         \else
+            \@tempswafalse
+         \fi
+         \@ifundefined{thispagecropped}{}{\thispagecropped}
+         \secdef\@part\@spart}
+
+\def\@part[#1]#2{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax
+        \refstepcounter{part}
+        \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\partname\
+        \thepart\thechapterend\hspace{\betweenumberspace}%
+        #1}\else
+        \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{#1}\fi
+   \markboth{}{}
+   {\raggedleft
+    \hyphenpenalty \@M
+    \interlinepenalty\@M
+    \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax
+      \normalfont\partnumsize\partnumstyle %\vrule height 34pt width 0pt depth 0pt%
+     \partname\ \thepart %\llap{\smash{\lower 5pt\hbox to\textwidth{\hrulefill}}}
+    \par
+    \vskip 2\p@ \fi
+    \partsize\partstyle #2\par}\@endpart}
+%
+% \@endpart finishes the part page
+%
+\def\@endpart{\vfil\newpage
+   \if@twoside
+       \hbox{}
+       \thispagestyle{empty}
+       \newpage
+   \fi
+   \if@tempswa
+     \twocolumn
+   \fi}
+%
+\def\@spart#1{{\raggedleft
+   \normalfont\partsize\partstyle
+   #1\par}\@endpart}
+%
+\newenvironment{partbacktext}{\def\@endpart{\vfil\newpage}}
+{\thispagestyle{empty} \newpage}
+%
+% (re)define sectioning
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+
+\def\seccounterend{}
+\def\seccountergap{\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\seccounterend\seccountergap\ignorespaces}
+%
+\let\firstmark=\botmark
+%
+\@ifundefined{thechapterend}{\def\thechapterend{}}{}
+%
+\if@sechang
+   \def\sec@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+         \hangindent\wd\@tempboxa\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+\else
+   \def\sec@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+         \hangindent\z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+\fi
+
+\def\chap@hangfrom#1{\if!#1!\else
+\@chapapp\ #1\vskip2pt\fi}
+\def\schap@hangfrom{\chap@hangfrom{}}
+
+\newcounter{chapter}
+
+\newif\if@mainmatter \@mainmattertrue
+\newcommand\frontmatter{\startnewpage
+            \@mainmatterfalse\pagenumbering{roman}
+            \setcounter{page}{5}}
+%
+\newcommand\mainmatter{\clearemptydoublepage
+            \@mainmattertrue
+            \markboth{}{}
+            \pagenumbering{arabic}}
+%
+\newcommand\backmatter{%
+\setcounter{minitocdepth}{0}%
+\pagestyle{headings}%
+\clearemptydoublepage %\@mainmatterfalse
+\let\appendix=\bppendix
+\def\bibsection{\chapter*{\refname}\@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}%
+     \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\refname}%
+     \csname biblst@rthook\endcsname\par}%
+}
+
+\renewenvironment{titlepage}
+    {%
+      \cleardoublepage
+      \if@twocolumn
+        \@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
+      \else
+        \@restonecolfalse\newpage
+      \fi
+      \thispagestyle{empty}%
+      \addtocounter{page}\m@ne
+  \def\and{\unskip, }
+  \parindent=\z@
+  \pretolerance=10000
+  \rightskip=0pt plus 1fil
+  \large                    % default size for titlepage
+  \vspace*{2em}             % Vertical space above title.
+ }{{\LARGE                   % each author set in \LARGE
+   \lineskip .5em
+   \@author
+   \par}%
+  \vskip 2cm                % Vertical space after author.
+  {\Huge\bfseries\@title \par}% Title set in \Huge size and bold face
+  \vskip 1cm                % Vertical space after title.
+  \if!\@subtitle!\else
+   {\LARGE\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}
+   \vskip 1cm               % Vertical space after subtitle.
+  \fi
+  \if!\@date!\else
+    \@date
+    \par
+    \vskip 1.5em            % Vertical space after date.
+  \fi
+ \vfill
+ {\Large\bfseries Springer\par}
+%\vskip 3pt
+%\itshape
+%  Berlin\enspace Heidelberg\enspace New\kern0.1em York\\
+%  Hong\kern0.2em Kong\enspace London\\
+%  Milan\enspace Paris\enspace Tokyo\par
+     \if@restonecol\twocolumn \else \newpage \fi
+     \if@twoside\else
+        \setcounter{page}\@ne
+     \fi
+ \clearheadinfo
+}
+
+\def\@chapapp{\chaptername}
+
+\newdimen\mottowidth
+\newcommand\motto[2][77mm]{%
+\setlength{\mottowidth}{#1}%
+\gdef\m@ttotext{#2}}
+%
+\newcommand{\processmotto}{\@ifundefined{m@ttotext}{}{%
+    \setbox0=\hbox{\vbox{\hyphenpenalty=50
+    \begin{flushright}
+    \begin{minipage}{\mottowidth}
+       \vrule\@width\z@\@height21\p@\@depth\z@
+       \normalfont\mottosize\mottostyle\m@ttotext
+    \end{minipage}
+    \end{flushright}}}%
+    \@tempdima=\pagetotal
+    \advance\@tempdima by\ht0
+    \ifdim\@tempdima<157\p@
+       \multiply\@tempdima by-1
+       \advance\@tempdima by157\p@
+       \vskip\@tempdima
+    \fi
+    \box0\par
+    \global\let\m@ttotext=\undefined}}
+
+\newcommand{\chapsubtitle}[1]{%
+\gdef\ch@psubtitle{#1}}
+%
+\newcommand{\processchapsubtit}{\@ifundefined{ch@psubtitle}{}{%
+    {\normalfont\chapnumsize\chapnumstyle
+    \vskip 14\p@
+    \ch@psubtitle
+    \par}
+    \global\let\ch@psubtitle=\undefined}}
+
+\newcommand{\chapauthor}[1]{%
+\gdef\ch@pauthor{#1}}
+%
+\newcommand{\processchapauthor}{\@ifundefined{ch@pauthor}{}{%
+    {\normalfont\chapauthsize\chapauthstyle
+    \vskip 20\p@
+    \ch@pauthor
+    \par}
+    \global\let\ch@pauthor=\undefined}}
+
+\newcommand\chapter{\startnewpage
+                    \@ifundefined{thispagecropped}{}{\thispagecropped}
+                    \thispagestyle{bchap}%
+                    \if@chapnum\else
+                       \begingroup
+                         \let\@elt\@stpelt
+                         \csname cl@chapter\endcsname
+                       \endgroup
+                    \fi
+                    \global\@topnum\z@
+                    \@afterindentfalse
+                    \secdef\@chapter\@schapter}
+
+\def\@chapter[#1]#2{\if@chapnum  % war mal \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
+                       \refstepcounter{chapter}%
+                       \if@mainmatter
+                         \typeout{\@chapapp\space\thechapter.}%
+                         \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\protect
+                                  \numberline{\thechapter\thechapterend}#1}%
+                       \else
+                         \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1}%
+                       \fi
+                    \else
+                      \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1}%
+                    \fi
+                    \chaptermark{#1}%
+                    \addtocontents{lof}{\protect\addvspace{10\p@}}%
+                    \addtocontents{lot}{\protect\addvspace{10\p@}}%
+                    \if@twocolumn
+                      \@topnewpage[\@makechapterhead{#2}]%
+                    \else
+                      \@makechapterhead{#2}%
+                      \@afterheading
+                    \fi}
+
+\def\@schapter#1{\if@twocolumn
+                   \@topnewpage[\@makeschapterhead{#1}]%
+                 \else
+                   \@makeschapterhead{#1}%
+                   \@afterheading
+                 \fi}
+
+%%changes position and layout of numbered chapter headings
+\def\@makechapterhead#1{{\parindent\z@\raggedright\normalfont
+  \hyphenpenalty \@M
+  \interlinepenalty\@M
+  \if@chapnum
+     \chapnumsize\chapnumstyle
+     \@chapapp\ \thechapter\thechapterend\par
+     \vskip 2\p@
+  \fi
+  \chapsize\chapstyle
+  \ignorespaces#1\par\nobreak
+  \processchapsubtit
+  \processchapauthor
+  \processmotto
+  \ifdim\pagetotal>167\p@
+     \vskip 11\p@
+  \else
+     \@tempdima=167\p@\advance\@tempdima by-\pagetotal
+     \vskip\@tempdima
+  \fi}}
+
+%%changes position and layout of unnumbered chapter headings
+\def\@makeschapterhead#1{{\parindent \z@ \raggedright\normalfont
+  \hyphenpenalty \@M
+  \interlinepenalty\@M
+  \chapsize\chapstyle
+  \ignorespaces#1\par\nobreak
+  \processmotto
+  \ifdim\pagetotal>167\p@
+     \vskip 11\p@
+  \else
+     \@tempdima=168\p@\advance\@tempdima by-\pagetotal
+     \vskip\@tempdima
+  \fi}}
+%
+% dedication environment
+\newenvironment{dedication}
+{\clearemptydoublepage
+\thispagestyle{empty}
+\vspace*{13\baselineskip}
+\large\itshape
+\let\\\@centercr\@rightskip\@flushglue \rightskip\@rightskip
+\leftskip4cm\parindent\z@\relax
+\everypar{\parindent=\svparindent\let\everypar\empty}}{\clearpage}
+%
+% predefined unnumbered headings
+\newcommand{\preface}[1][\prefacename]{\chapter*{#1}\markboth{#1}{#1}}
+\newcommand{\foreword}[1][\forewordname]{\chapter*{#1}\markboth{#1}{#1}}
+\newcommand{\contributors}[1][\contriblistname]{\chapter*{#1}\markboth{#1}{#1}}
+\newcommand{\extrachap}[1]{\chapter*{#1}\markboth{#1}{#1}}
+% same with TOC entry
+\newcommand{\Extrachap}[1]{\chapter*{#1}\markboth{#1}{#1}%
+\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1}}
+
+% measures and setting of sections
+\renewcommand\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+                       {-30\p@}% \p@lus -4\p@ \@minus -4\p@}%
+                       {16\p@}% \p@lus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}%
+                       {\normalfont\secsize\secstyle
+                        \rightskip=\z@ \@plus 8em\pretolerance=10000 }}
+\renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+                       {-30\p@}% \p@lus -4\p@ \@minus -4\p@}%
+                       {16\p@}% \p@lus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}%
+                       {\normalfont\subsecsize\subsecstyle
+                        \rightskip=\z@ \@plus 8em\pretolerance=10000 }}
+\renewcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+                       {-24\p@}% \p@lus -4\p@ \@minus -4\p@}%
+                       {12\p@}% \p@lus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}%
+                       {\normalfont\normalsize\subsubsecstyle
+                        \rightskip=\z@ \@plus 8em\pretolerance=10000 }}
+\renewcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+                       {-24\p@}% \p@lus -4\p@ \@minus -4\p@}%
+                       {12\p@}% \p@lus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}%
+                       {\normalfont\normalsize\upshape
+                        \rightskip=\z@ \@plus 8em\pretolerance=10000 }}
+\renewcommand\subparagraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+                       {-18\p@}% \p@lus -4\p@ \@minus -4\p@}%
+                       {6\p@}% \p@lus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}%
+                       {\normalfont\normalsize\itshape
+                        \rightskip=\z@ \@plus 8em\pretolerance=10000 }}
+\newcommand\runinhead{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+                       {-6\p@}% \p@lus -4\p@ \@minus -4\p@}%
+                       {-6\p@}%
+                       {\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath
+                        \rightskip=\z@ \@plus 8em\pretolerance=10000 }}
+\newcommand\subruninhead{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+                       {-6\p@}% \p@lus -4\p@ \@minus -4\p@}%
+                       {-6\p@}%
+                       {\normalfont\normalsize\itshape
+                        \rightskip=\z@ \@plus 8em\pretolerance=10000 }}
+
+% Appendix
+\renewcommand\appendix{\par}         %article appendix
+
+\newcommand\bppendix{\startnewpage            %book appendix
+                \pagestyle{headings}
+                \stepcounter{chapter}
+                \setcounter{chapter}{0}
+                \stepcounter{section}
+                \setcounter{section}{0}
+                \setcounter{equation}{0}
+                \setcounter{figure}{0}
+                \setcounter{table}{0}
+                \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+\let\if@chapnum=\iftrue
+\def\@chapapp{\appendixname}
+\renewcommand\thechapter{\@Alph\c@chapter}
+\renewcommand\thesection{\thechapter.\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection{\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\thechapter.\@arabic\c@equation}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\thechapter.\@arabic\c@figure}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\thechapter.\@arabic\c@table}}
+
+\def\hyperhrefextend{\ifx\hyper@anchor\@undefined\else
+{\@currentHref}\fi}
+
+\def\runinsep{}
+\def\aftertext{\unskip\runinsep}
+%
+%
+\def\@ssect#1#2#3#4#5{%
+  \@tempskipa #3\relax
+  \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+    \begingroup
+      #4{%
+        \@hangfrom{\hskip #1}%
+          \raggedright
+          \hyphenpenalty \@M
+          \interlinepenalty \@M #5\@@par}%
+    \endgroup
+  \else
+    \def\@svsechd{#4{\hskip #1\relax #5}}%
+  \fi
+  \@xsect{#3}}
+%
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+   \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+      \let\@svsec\@empty
+   \else
+      \refstepcounter{#1}%
+      \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+   \fi
+   \@tempskipa #5\relax
+   \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+      \begingroup #6\relax
+         \sec@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+         {\raggedright
+          \hyphenpenalty \@M
+          \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+      \endgroup
+      \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+      \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+        \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+          \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+        \fi
+        #7}%
+      \ifnum #2>\c@minitocdepth \else
+         \mtaddtocont{\protect\contentsline
+             \ifnum #2>\@ne{mtsec}\else{mtchap}\fi
+             \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+                {#7}%
+             \else
+                {\protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}#7}%
+             \fi
+             {\thepage}\hyperhrefextend}%
+      \fi
+   \else
+      \def\@svsechd{%
+         #6\hskip #3\relax
+         \@svsec #8\aftertext\ignorespaces
+         \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+         \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+            \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+                \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+            \fi
+            #7}}%
+   \fi
+   \@xsect{#5}}
+
+% figures and tables are processed in small print
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+        \reset@font
+        \small
+        \@setnobreak
+        \@setminipage
+}
+\def\fps@figure{htbp}
+\def\fps@table{htbp}
+%
+% Frame for paste-in figures or tables
+\def\mpicplace#1#2{%  #1 =width   #2 =height
+\vbox{\hbox to #1{\vrule\@width \fboxrule \@height #2\hfill}}}
+%
+\newenvironment{svgraybox}%
+       {\ClassWarning{Springer-SVMono}{Environment "svgraybox" not available,\MessageBreak
+         switching over to "quotation" environment;\MessageBreak
+         specify documentclass option "graybox",\MessageBreak
+         see SVMono documentation -}%
+                \par\addvspace{6pt}
+                \list{}{\listparindent12\p@%
+                        \leftmargin=12\p@%
+                        \itemindent    \listparindent
+                        \rightmargin   \leftmargin
+                        \parsep        \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+                \expandafter\item\parindent=\svparindent
+                \relax\hskip-\listparindent}%
+       {\endlist}%
+%
+\newenvironment{svtintedbox}%
+       {\ClassWarning{Springer-SVMono}{Environment "svtintedbox" not available,\MessageBreak
+         switching over to "quotation" environment;\MessageBreak
+         specify documentclass option "graybox",\MessageBreak
+         see SVMono documentation -}%
+                \par\addvspace{6pt}
+                \list{}{\listparindent12\p@%
+                        \leftmargin=12\p@%
+                        \itemindent    \listparindent
+                        \rightmargin   \leftmargin
+                        \parsep        \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+                \expandafter\item\parindent=\svparindent
+                \relax\hskip-\listparindent}%
+       {\endlist}%
+%
+\renewenvironment{quotation}
+               {\par\addvspace{6pt}
+                \list{}{\listparindent12\p@%
+                        \leftmargin=12\p@%
+                        \itemindent    \listparindent
+                        \rightmargin   \leftmargin
+                        \parsep        \z@ \@plus\p@%
+                        \small}%
+                \item\relax\hskip-\listparindent}
+               {\endlist}
+%
+\renewenvironment{quote}
+               {\par\addvspace{6pt}
+                \list{}{\leftmargin=12\p@%
+                \rightmargin\leftmargin
+                \parsep=3\p@
+                \small}%
+                \item\relax}
+               {\endlist}
+
+% labels of enumerate
+\renewcommand\labelenumii{\theenumii.}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+
+% labels of itemize
+\renewcommand\labelitemi{\textbullet}
+\renewcommand\labelitemii{\textendash}
+\let\labelitemiii=\labelitemiv
+
+% labels of description
+\renewcommand*\descriptionlabel[1]{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+
+% fixed indentation for standard itemize-environment
+\newdimen\svitemindent \setlength{\svitemindent}{\parindent}
+
+
+% make indentations changeable
+
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+        \let\setit@m=Y%
+        \leftmargini\labelwidth
+        \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+   \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+        \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+        \parsep=\parskip
+        \topsep=\medskipamount
+        \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+        \let\setit@m=Y%
+        \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+        \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+        \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+        \parsep=\parskip
+        \topsep=6\p@
+        \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+%
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+\labelsep=12pt\relax  %!!!!!!!!!
+\leftmargini=12pt\relax  %!!!!!!!!!
+\leftmargin=12pt\relax  %!!!!!!!!!
+          \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\labelsep=12pt\relax
+\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\def\itemize{%
+  \ifnum \@itemdepth >\thr@@\@toodeep\else
+    \advance\@itemdepth\@ne
+    \ifx\setit@m\undefined
+       \ifnum \@itemdepth=1 \leftmargini=\svitemindent
+          \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+          \leftmarginii=\leftmargini \leftmarginiii=\leftmargini
+       \fi
+    \fi
+    \edef\@itemitem{labelitem\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth}%
+    \expandafter\list
+      \csname\@itemitem\endcsname
+      {\def\makelabel##1{\rlap{##1}\hss}}%
+  \fi}
+%
+\def\enumerate{%
+  \ifnum \@enumdepth >\thr@@\@toodeep\else
+    \advance\@enumdepth\@ne
+    \ifx\setit@m\undefined
+       \ifnum \@enumdepth=1 \leftmargini=\svitemindent
+          \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+          \leftmarginii=\leftmargini \leftmarginiii=\leftmargini
+       \fi
+    \fi
+    \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth}%
+      \expandafter
+      \list
+        \csname label\@enumctr\endcsname
+        {\usecounter\@enumctr\def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{##1}}}%
+  \fi}
+%
+\newdimen\verbatimindent \verbatimindent\parindent
+\def\verbatim{\advance\@totalleftmargin by\verbatimindent
+\@verbatim \frenchspacing\@vobeyspaces \@xverbatim}
+
+%
+%  special signs and characters
+\newcommand{\D}{\mathrm{d}}
+\newcommand{\E}{\mathrm{e}}
+\let\eul=\E
+\newcommand{\I}{{\rm i}}
+\let\imag=\I
+%
+% the definition of uppercase Greek characters
+% Springer likes them as italics to depict variables
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+% the upright forms are defined here as \var<Character>
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\varGamma}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\varDelta}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\varTheta}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\varLambda}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\varXi}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\varPi}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\varSigma}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\varUpsilon}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\varPhi}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\varPsi}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\varOmega}{\mathalpha}{operators}{"0A}
+% Upright Lower Case Greek letters without using a new MathAlphabet
+\newcommand{\greeksym}[1]{\usefont{U}{psy}{m}{n}#1}
+\newcommand{\greeksymbold}[1]{{\usefont{U}{psy}{b}{n}#1}}
+\newcommand{\allmodesymb}[2]{\relax\ifmmode{\mathchoice
+{\mbox{\fontsize{\tf@size}{\tf@size}#1{#2}}}
+{\mbox{\fontsize{\tf@size}{\tf@size}#1{#2}}}
+{\mbox{\fontsize{\sf@size}{\sf@size}#1{#2}}}
+{\mbox{\fontsize{\ssf@size}{\ssf@size}#1{#2}}}}
+\else
+\mbox{#1{#2}}\fi}
+% Definition of lower case Greek letters
+\newcommand{\ualpha}{\allmodesymb{\greeksym}{a}}
+\newcommand{\ubeta}{\allmodesymb{\greeksym}{b}}
+\newcommand{\uchi}{\allmodesymb{\greeksym}{c}}
+\newcommand{\udelta}{\allmodesymb{\greeksym}{d}}
+\newcommand{\ugamma}{\allmodesymb{\greeksym}{g}}
+\newcommand{\umu}{\allmodesymb{\greeksym}{m}}
+\newcommand{\unu}{\allmodesymb{\greeksym}{n}}
+\newcommand{\upi}{\allmodesymb{\greeksym}{p}}
+\newcommand{\utau}{\allmodesymb{\greeksym}{t}}
+% redefines the \vec accent to a bold character - if desired
+\def\fig@type{arrow}% temporarily abused
+\ifx\vec@style\fig@type\else
+\@ifundefined{vec@style}{%
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+                     {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+                     {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+                     {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+                     {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}%
+}
+{\def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+                     {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+                     {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+                     {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+                     {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}%
+}
+\fi
+% tensor
+\def\tens#1{\relax\ifmmode\mathsf{#1}\else\textsf{#1}\fi}
+
+% end of proof symbol
+\newcommand\qedsymbol{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\newcommand\qed{\relax\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\qedsymbol}
+\newcommand\smartqed{\renewcommand\qed{\relax\ifmmode\qedsymbol\else
+  {\unskip\nobreak\hfil\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\qedsymbol
+  \parfillskip=\z@\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+%
+\newif\if@numart   \@numarttrue
+\def\ds@numart{\@numarttrue
+  \@takefromreset{figure}{chapter}%
+  \@takefromreset{table}{chapter}%
+  \@takefromreset{equation}{chapter}%
+  \def\thesection{\@arabic\c@section}%
+  \def\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}%
+  \def\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}%
+  \def\theequation{\arabic{equation}}%
+  \def\thesubequation{\arabic{equation}\alph{subequation}}}
+%
+\def\ds@book{\@numartfalse
+\def\thesection{\thechapter.\@arabic\c@section}%
+\def\thefigure{\thechapter.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+\def\thetable{\thechapter.\@arabic\c@table}%
+\def\theequation{\thechapter.\arabic{equation}}%
+\@addtoreset{section}{chapter}%
+\@addtoreset{figure}{chapter}%
+\@addtoreset{table}{chapter}%
+\@addtoreset{equation}{chapter}}
+%
+% Ragged bottom for the actual page
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ \@plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+
+% This is texte.tex
+% it defines various texts and their translations
+% called up with documentstyle options
+\def\switcht@albion{%
+\def\abbrsymbname{List of Abbreviations and Symbols}%
+\def\abstractname{Abstract}%
+\def\ackname{Acknowledgements}%
+\def\andname{and}%
+\def\bibname{References}%
+\def\lastandname{, and}%
+\def\appendixname{Appendix}%
+\def\chaptername{Chapter}%
+\def\claimname{Claim}%
+\def\conjecturename{Conjecture}%
+\def\contentsname{Contents}%
+\def\corollaryname{Corollary}%
+\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+\def\emailname{e-mail}%
+\def\examplename{Example}%
+\def\exercisename{Exercise}%
+\def\figurename{Fig.}%
+\def\forewordname{Foreword}%
+\def\keywordname{{\bf Key words:}}%
+\def\indexname{Index}%
+\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+\def\contriblistname{List of Contributors}%
+\def\listfigurename{List of Figures}%
+\def\listtablename{List of Tables}%
+\def\mailname{{\it Correspondence to\/}:}%
+\def\noteaddname{Note added in proof}%
+\def\notename{Note}%
+\def\partname{Part}%
+\def\prefacename{Preface}%
+\def\problemname{Problem}%
+\def\proofname{Proof}%
+\def\propertyname{Property}%
+\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+\def\questionname{Question}%
+\def\refname{References}%
+\def\remarkname{Remark}%
+\def\seename{see}%
+\def\solutionname{Solution}%
+\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}%
+\def\tablename{Table}%
+\def\theoremname{Theorem}}
+\switcht@albion
+% Names of theorem like environments are already defined
+% but must be translated if another language is chosen
+%
+% French section
+\def\switcht@francais{\svlanginfo
+ \def\abbrsymbname{Liste des abbr\'eviations et symboles}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e.}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements.}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}%
+ \def\bibname{Bibliographie}%
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\emailname{e-mail}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\forewordname{Avant-propos}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bf Mots-cl\'e:}}%
+ \def\indexname{Index}%
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}%
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\it Correspondence to\/}:}%
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\prefacename{Pr\'eface}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{Preuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+ \def\refname{Litt\'erature}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voir}%
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+ \def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}%
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\switcht@deutsch{\svlanginfo
+ \def\abbrsymbname{Abk\"urzungs- und Symbolverzeichnis}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\bibname{Literaturverzeichnis}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\emailname{E-mail}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\forewordname{Geleitwort}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bf Schl\"usselw\"orter:}}%
+ \def\indexname{Sachverzeichnis}%
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}%
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\it Correspondence to\/}:}%
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+ \def\prefacename{Vorwort}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literaturverzeichnis}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}%
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+ \def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}%
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+
+\def\getsto{\mathrel{\mathchoice {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip
+\halign{\hfil
+$\displaystyle##$\hfil\cr\gets\cr\to\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\textstyle##$\hfil\cr\gets
+\cr\to\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptstyle##$\hfil\cr\gets
+\cr\to\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptscriptstyle##$\hfil\cr
+\gets\cr\to\cr}}}}}
+\def\lid{\mathrel{\mathchoice {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil
+$\displaystyle##$\hfil\cr<\cr\noalign{\vskip1.2\p@}=\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\textstyle##$\hfil\cr<\cr
+\noalign{\vskip1.2\p@}=\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptstyle##$\hfil\cr<\cr
+\noalign{\vskip\p@}=\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptscriptstyle##$\hfil\cr
+<\cr
+\noalign{\vskip0.9\p@}=\cr}}}}}
+\def\gid{\mathrel{\mathchoice {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil
+$\displaystyle##$\hfil\cr>\cr\noalign{\vskip1.2\p@}=\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\textstyle##$\hfil\cr>\cr
+\noalign{\vskip1.2\p@}=\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptstyle##$\hfil\cr>\cr
+\noalign{\vskip\p@}=\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptscriptstyle##$\hfil\cr
+>\cr
+\noalign{\vskip0.9\p@}=\cr}}}}}
+\def\grole{\mathrel{\mathchoice {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip
+\halign{\hfil
+$\displaystyle##$\hfil\cr>\cr\noalign{\vskip-\p@}<\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\textstyle##$\hfil\cr
+>\cr\noalign{\vskip-\p@}<\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptstyle##$\hfil\cr
+>\cr\noalign{\vskip-0.8\p@}<\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptscriptstyle##$\hfil\cr
+>\cr\noalign{\vskip-0.3\p@}<\cr}}}}}
+\def\bbbr{{\rm I\!R}} %reelle Zahlen
+\def\bbbm{{\rm I\!M}}
+\def\bbbn{{\rm I\!N}} %natuerliche Zahlen
+\def\bbbf{{\rm I\!F}}
+\def\bbbh{{\rm I\!H}}
+\def\bbbk{{\rm I\!K}}
+\def\bbbp{{\rm I\!P}}
+\def\bbbone{{\mathchoice {\rm 1\mskip-4mu l} {\rm 1\mskip-4mu l}
+{\rm 1\mskip-4.5mu l} {\rm 1\mskip-5mu l}}}
+\def\bbbc{{\mathchoice {\setbox0=\hbox{$\displaystyle\rm C$}\hbox{\hbox
+to\z@{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule\@height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\textstyle\rm C$}\hbox{\hbox
+to\z@{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule\@height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptstyle\rm C$}\hbox{\hbox
+to\z@{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule\@height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\rm C$}\hbox{\hbox
+to\z@{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule\@height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}}}
+\def\bbbq{{\mathchoice {\setbox0=\hbox{$\displaystyle\rm
+Q$}\hbox{\raise
+0.15\ht0\hbox to\z@{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule\@height0.8\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\textstyle\rm Q$}\hbox{\raise
+0.15\ht0\hbox to\z@{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule\@height0.8\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptstyle\rm Q$}\hbox{\raise
+0.15\ht0\hbox to\z@{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule\@height0.7\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\rm Q$}\hbox{\raise
+0.15\ht0\hbox to\z@{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule\@height0.7\ht0\hss}\box0}}}}
+\def\bbbt{{\mathchoice {\setbox0=\hbox{$\displaystyle\rm
+T$}\hbox{\hbox to\z@{\kern0.3\wd0\vrule\@height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\textstyle\rm T$}\hbox{\hbox
+to\z@{\kern0.3\wd0\vrule\@height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptstyle\rm T$}\hbox{\hbox
+to\z@{\kern0.3\wd0\vrule\@height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\rm T$}\hbox{\hbox
+to\z@{\kern0.3\wd0\vrule\@height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}}}
+\def\bbbs{{\mathchoice
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\displaystyle     \rm S$}\hbox{\raise0.5\ht0\hbox
+to\z@{\kern0.35\wd0\vrule\@height0.45\ht0\hss}\hbox
+to\z@{\kern0.55\wd0\vrule\@height0.5\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\textstyle        \rm S$}\hbox{\raise0.5\ht0\hbox
+to\z@{\kern0.35\wd0\vrule\@height0.45\ht0\hss}\hbox
+to\z@{\kern0.55\wd0\vrule\@height0.5\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptstyle      \rm S$}\hbox{\raise0.5\ht0\hbox
+to\z@{\kern0.35\wd0\vrule\@height0.45\ht0\hss}\raise0.05\ht0\hbox
+to\z@{\kern0.5\wd0\vrule\@height0.45\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\rm S$}\hbox{\raise0.5\ht0\hbox
+to\z@{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule\@height0.45\ht0\hss}\raise0.05\ht0\hbox
+to\z@{\kern0.55\wd0\vrule\@height0.45\ht0\hss}\box0}}}}
+\def\bbbz{{\mathchoice {\hbox{$\textstyle\sf Z\kern-0.4em Z$}}
+{\hbox{$\textstyle\sf Z\kern-0.4em Z$}}
+{\hbox{$\scriptstyle\sf Z\kern-0.3em Z$}}
+{\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\sf Z\kern-0.2em Z$}}}}
+
+\let\ts\,
+
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.5\p@}
+\def\svhline{%
+  \noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi\hrule \@height2\arrayrulewidth \futurelet
+   \reserved@a\@xhline}
+
+\setlength \labelsep     {5\p@}
+\setlength\leftmargini   {17\p@}
+\setlength\leftmargin    {\leftmargini}
+\setlength\leftmarginii  {\leftmargini}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {\leftmargini}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv  {\leftmargini}
+\setlength\labelwidth    {\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+        \parsep=\parskip
+        \topsep=\medskipamount
+        \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}
+\let\@listi\@listI
+\@listi
+
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+        \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+        \advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+        \parsep=\parskip
+        \topsep=6\p@
+        \itemsep=\parskip
+        \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}
+
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+        \labelwidth\leftmarginiii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+        \parsep=\parskip
+        \topsep=\z@
+        \itemsep=\parskip
+        \advance\itemsep by -\parsep
+        \partopsep=\topsep}
+
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{1.5\p@}
+
+\def\tableofcontents{\chapter*{\contentsname\markboth{{\contentsname}}%
+                                                    {{\contentsname}}}
+ \def\authcount##1{\setcounter{auco}{##1}\setcounter{@auth}{1}}
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{auco}=2\relax
+                 \unskip{} \andname\
+              \else
+                 \unskip \lastandname\
+              \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{@auth}\relax
+          \ifnum\value{@auth}=\value{auco}%
+             \lastand
+          \else
+             \unskip,
+          \fi}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}\if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi}
+
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{2}
+
+\def\l@part#1#2{\addpenalty{\@secpenalty}%
+   \addvspace{1em \@plus\p@}%
+   \begingroup
+     \parindent \z@
+     \rightskip \z@ \@plus 5em
+%    \hrule\vskip5\p@
+     \bfseries\boldmath
+     \leavevmode
+     #1\par
+%    \vskip5\p@
+%    \hrule
+     \vskip\p@
+     \nobreak
+   \addvspace{1em \@plus\p@}%
+   \endgroup}
+
+\def\@dotsep{2}
+
+\def\addnumcontentsmark#1#2#3{%
+\addtocontents{#1}{\protect\contentsline{#2}{\protect\numberline
+                                    {\thechapter}#3}{\thepage}}}
+\def\addcontentsmark#1#2#3{%
+\addtocontents{#1}{\protect\contentsline{#2}{#3}{\thepage}}}
+\def\addcontentsmarkwop#1#2#3{%
+\addtocontents{#1}{\protect\contentsline{#2}{#3}{0}}}
+
+\def\@adcmk[#1]{\ifcase #1 \or
+\def\@gtempa{\addnumcontentsmark}%
+  \or    \def\@gtempa{\addcontentsmark}%
+  \or    \def\@gtempa{\addcontentsmarkwop}%
+  \fi\@gtempa{toc}{chapter}}
+\def\addtocmark{\@ifnextchar[{\@adcmk}{\@adcmk[3]}}
+
+\def\l@chapter#1#2{\par\addpenalty{-\@highpenalty}
+ \addvspace{1.0em \@plus \p@}
+ \@tempdima \tocchpnum \begingroup
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@tocrmarg
+ \advance\rightskip by \z@ \@plus 2cm
+ \parfillskip -\rightskip \pretolerance=10000
+ \leavevmode \advance\leftskip\@tempdima \hskip -\leftskip
+ {\bfseries\boldmath#1}\ifx0#2\hfil\null
+ \else
+      \nobreak
+      \leaders\hbox{$\m@th \mkern \@dotsep mu\hbox{.}\mkern
+      \@dotsep mu$}\hfill
+      \nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hfil #2}%
+ \fi\par
+ \penalty\@highpenalty \endgroup}
+
+\newcommand{\tocauthorstyle}{\upshape}
+\newcommand{\toctitlestyle}{\bfseries}
+
+\def\l@title#1#2{\addpenalty{-\@highpenalty}
+ \addvspace{8\p@ \@plus \p@}
+ \@tempdima \z@
+ \begingroup
+ \tocchpnum \z@ \calctocindent
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@tocrmarg
+ \advance\rightskip by \z@ \@plus 2cm
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \parfillskip -\@tocrmarg
+ \leavevmode \advance\leftskip\@tempdima \hskip -\leftskip
+ {\toctitlestyle#1}%\nobreak
+ \leaders\hbox{$\m@th \mkern \@dotsep mu.\mkern
+ \@dotsep mu$}\hfill
+ \nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}%
+ \par
+ \penalty\@highpenalty \endgroup}
+
+\def\l@titlech#1#2{\addpenalty{-\@highpenalty}
+ \addvspace{8\p@ \@plus \p@}
+ \@tempdima=\tocchpnum
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@tocrmarg
+ \advance\rightskip by \z@ \@plus 2cm
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \parfillskip -\@tocrmarg
+ \leavevmode \advance\leftskip\@tempdima \hskip -\leftskip
+ {\toctitlestyle#1}%\nobreak
+ \leaders\hbox{$\m@th \mkern \@dotsep mu.\mkern
+ \@dotsep mu$}\hfill
+ \nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}%
+ \par
+ \penalty\@highpenalty \endgroup}
+
+\newcommand{\tocaftauthskip}{\z@}
+\def\l@author#1#2{%\addpenalty{\@highpenalty}
+ \@tempdima \z@
+ \begingroup
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@tocrmarg
+ \advance\rightskip by \z@ \@plus 2cm
+%\parfillskip -\@tocrmarg
+ \leavevmode \advance\leftskip\@tempdima \hskip -\leftskip
+ {\tocauthorstyle#1}\nobreak
+%\leaders\hbox{$\m@th \mkern \@dotsep mu.\mkern
+%\@dotsep mu$}\hfill
+%\nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}%
+ \par
+ \penalty\@highpenalty
+ \addvspace{\tocaftauthskip}\endgroup}
+
+\def\l@authorch#1#2{%\addpenalty{\@highpenalty}
+ \@tempdima=\tocchpnum
+ \begingroup
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@tocrmarg
+ \advance\rightskip by \z@ \@plus 2cm
+%\parfillskip -\@tocrmarg
+ \leavevmode \advance\leftskip\@tempdima %\hskip -\leftskip
+ {\tocauthorstyle#1}\nobreak
+%\leaders\hbox{$\m@th \mkern \@dotsep mu.\mkern
+%\@dotsep mu$}\hfill
+%\nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}%
+ \par
+ \penalty\@highpenalty
+ \addvspace{\tocaftauthskip}\endgroup}
+
+\newdimen\tocchpnum
+\newdimen\tocsecnum
+\newdimen\tocsectotal
+\newdimen\tocsubsecnum
+\newdimen\tocsubsectotal
+\newdimen\tocsubsubsecnum
+\newdimen\tocsubsubsectotal
+\newdimen\tocparanum
+\newdimen\tocparatotal
+\newdimen\tocsubparanum
+\tocchpnum=20\p@            % chapter {\bf 88.} \@plus 5.3\p@
+\tocsecnum=28.5\p@          % section 88.8. plus 4.722\p@
+\tocsubsecnum=36.5\p@       % subsection 88.8.8 plus 4.944\p@
+\tocsubsubsecnum=43\p@      % subsubsection 88.8.8.8 plus 4.666\p@
+\tocparanum=45\p@           % paragraph 88.8.8.8.8 plus 3.888\p@
+\tocsubparanum=53\p@        % subparagraph 88.8.8.8.8.8 plus 4.11\p@
+\def\calctocindent{%
+\tocsectotal=\tocchpnum
+\advance\tocsectotal by\tocsecnum
+\tocsubsectotal=\tocsectotal
+\advance\tocsubsectotal by\tocsubsecnum
+\tocsubsubsectotal=\tocsubsectotal
+\advance\tocsubsubsectotal by\tocsubsubsecnum
+\tocparatotal=\tocsubsubsectotal
+\advance\tocparatotal by\tocparanum}
+\calctocindent
+
+\def\@dottedtocline#1#2#3#4#5{%
+  \ifnum #1>\c@tocdepth \else
+    \vskip \z@ \@plus.2\p@
+    {\leftskip #2\relax \rightskip \@tocrmarg \advance\rightskip by \z@ \@plus 2cm
+               \parfillskip -\rightskip \pretolerance=10000
+     \parindent #2\relax\@afterindenttrue
+     \interlinepenalty\@M
+     \leavevmode
+     \@tempdima #3\relax
+     \advance\leftskip \@tempdima \null\nobreak\hskip -\leftskip
+     {#4}\nobreak
+     \leaders\hbox{$\m@th
+        \mkern \@dotsep mu\hbox{.}\mkern \@dotsep
+        mu$}\hfill
+     \nobreak
+     \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hfil\normalfont \normalcolor #5}%
+     \par}%
+  \fi}
+%
+\def\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{\tocchpnum}{\tocsecnum}}
+\def\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{\tocsectotal}{\tocsubsecnum}}
+\def\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{\tocsubsectotal}{\tocsubsubsecnum}}
+\def\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{\tocsubsubsectotal}{\tocparanum}}
+\def\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{\tocparatotal}{\tocsubparanum}}
+
+\renewcommand\listoffigures{%
+    \chapter*{\listfigurename
+      \markboth{\listfigurename}{\listfigurename}}%
+    \@starttoc{lof}%
+    }
+
+\renewcommand\listoftables{%
+    \chapter*{\listtablename
+      \markboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+    \@starttoc{lot}%
+    }
+
+\newenvironment{thecontriblist}
+               {\par
+                \addvspace{\bigskipamount}
+                \parindent\z@
+                \rightskip\z@ \@plus 40\p@
+                \def\iand{\\[\medskipamount]\let\and=\nand}%
+                \def\nand{\ifhmode\unskip\nobreak\fi\ $\cdot$ }%
+                \let\and=\nand
+                \def\at{\\\let\and=\iand}%
+                }
+               {\par
+                \addvspace{\bigskipamount}}
+
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+    \kern-3\p@
+    \hrule\@width 36mm
+    \kern2.6\p@}
+
+\newdimen\foot@parindent
+\foot@parindent 10.83\p@
+\footnotesep 9\p@
+
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+\renewcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+    \parindent 12\p@
+    \noindent
+    \mbox{\@makefnmark} #1}}
+%
+\if@spthms
+% Definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+%     \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or  \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or  \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{.}
+\def\@thmcounterend{.}
+\newcommand\nocaption{\noexpand\@gobble}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+  \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+   {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+   \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+     \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+   \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+   \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+                              \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+   {\@definecounter{#1}%
+   \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+   \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+   \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+                               \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+  \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+  {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+  {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+  \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+  \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+  \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+                    \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+       the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\normalthmheadings{\def\@spbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{\trivlist
+                 \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1\ ##2\@thmcounterend}]##4}
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+      \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4(##3)\@thmcounterend\ }##5}}
+\normalthmheadings
+
+\def\reversethmheadings{\def\@spbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{\trivlist
+                 \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##2\ ##1\@thmcounterend}]##4}
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+      \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##2\ ##1}]{##4(##3)\@thmcounterend\ }##5}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+   {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+    \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+    \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+       {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+                           \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+      \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+% initialize theorem environment
+
+\if@envcntshowhiercnt % show hierarchy counter
+   \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+   \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[\envankh]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+   \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+\else          % theorem counter only
+   \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+   \if@envcntreset
+      \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+      \if@envcntresetsect
+         \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+      \fi
+   \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\if@envcntsame % all environments like "Theorem" - using its counter
+   \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % all environments with their own counter
+   \if@envcntshowhiercnt % show hierarchy counter
+      \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[\envankh]{#3}{#4}}
+   \else          % environment counter only
+      \if@envcntreset % environment counter is reset each section
+         \if@envcntresetsect
+            \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+             \@addtoreset{#1}{chapter}\@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+         \else
+            \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+                                      \@addtoreset{#1}{chapter}}
+         \fi
+      \else
+         \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+      \fi
+   \fi
+\fi
+%
+\let\spdefaulttheorem=\spn@wtheorem
+%
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+    {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+         \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+     \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+         \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+    {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+         \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+     \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+         \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+%
+\spn@wtheorem{prob}{\nocaption}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\newcommand{\probref}[1]{\textbf{\ref{#1}} }
+\newenvironment{sol}{\par\addvspace{6pt}\noindent\probref}{\par\addvspace{6pt}}
+%
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+    \def\@tempa{#1}%
+    \let\@tempd\@elt
+    \def\@elt##1{%
+        \def\@tempb{##1}%
+        \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+            \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+        \fi}%
+    \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+    \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+    \@tempc
+    \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+% redefininition of the captions for "figure" and "table" environments
+%
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+\def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+\@ifundefined{instindent}{\newdimen\instindent}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+  ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+  the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+    \@parboxrestore\if@minipage\@setminipage\fi
+    \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+  \endgroup}
+
+\def\twocaptionwidth#1#2{\def\first@capwidth{#1}\def\second@capwidth{#2}}
+% Default: .46\textwidth
+\twocaptionwidth{.46\textwidth}{.46\textwidth}
+
+\def\leftcaption{\refstepcounter\@captype\@dblarg%
+            {\@leftcaption\@captype}}
+
+\def\rightcaption{\refstepcounter\@captype\@dblarg%
+            {\@rightcaption\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@leftcaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+  ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+  the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+    \@parboxrestore
+    \vskip\figcapgap
+    \@maketwocaptions{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}%
+    {\first@capwidth}\ignorespaces\hspace{.073\textwidth}\hfill%
+  \endgroup}
+
+\long\def\@rightcaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+  ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+  the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+    \@parboxrestore
+    \@maketwocaptions{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}%
+    {\second@capwidth}\par
+  \endgroup}
+
+\long\def\@maketwocaptions#1#2#3{%
+   \parbox[t]{#3}{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+
+\def\fig@pos{l}
+\newcommand{\leftfigure}[2][\fig@pos]{\makebox[.4635\textwidth][#1]{#2}}
+\let\rightfigure\leftfigure
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=0.5cm  % hgap between figure and sidecaption
+%
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{\@tempdimb=3.6cm
+   \setbox0=\vbox{\hsize=\@tempdimb
+                  \captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+                                         #1\floatcounterend}#2}%
+   \ifdim\instindent<\z@
+      \ifdim\ht0>-\instindent
+         \advance\instindent by\ht0
+         \typeout{^^JClass-Warning: Legend of \string\sidecaption\space for
+                     \@captype\space\csname the\@captype\endcsname
+                  ^^Jis \the\instindent\space taller than the corresponding float -
+                  ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+         \instindent\z@
+      \fi
+   \else
+      \ifdim\ht0<\instindent
+         \advance\instindent by-\ht0
+         \advance\instindent by-\dp0\relax
+         \advance\instindent by\topskip
+         \advance\instindent by-11\p@
+      \else
+         \advance\instindent by-\ht0
+         \instindent=-\instindent
+         \typeout{^^JClass-Warning: Legend of \string\sidecaption\space for
+                     \@captype\space\csname the\@captype\endcsname
+                  ^^Jis \the\instindent\space taller than the corresponding float -
+                  ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+         \instindent\z@
+      \fi
+   \fi
+   \parbox[b]{\@tempdimb}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+                                        #1\floatcounterend}#2%
+                          \ifdim\instindent>\z@ \\
+                               \vrule\@width\z@\@height\instindent
+                                     \@depth\z@
+                          \fi}}
+\def\sidecaption{\@ifnextchar[\sidec@ption{\sidec@ption[b]}}
+%
+\newbox\bildb@x
+%
+\def\sidec@ption[#1]#2\caption{%
+\setbox\bildb@x=\hbox{\ignorespaces#2\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+   \ifdim\wd\bildb@x<\columnwidth
+      \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+            ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+   \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+  \instindent=\ht\bildb@x
+  \advance\instindent by\dp\bildb@x
+\if t#1
+\else
+  \instindent=-\instindent
+\fi
+\@tempdimb=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdimb by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdimb by-\wd\bildb@x
+\ifdim\@tempdimb<3.6cm
+   \ClassWarning{SVMult}{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+             ^^Jusing normal \string\caption}%
+   \unhbox\bildb@x
+   \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+%  \ifdim\@tempdimb<4.5cm
+%     \ClassWarning{SVMono}{\string\sidecaption: Room for the legend very narrow;
+%              ^^Jusing \string\raggedright}%
+      \toks@\expandafter{\captionstyle\sloppy
+                         \rightskip=\z@\@plus6mm\relax}%
+      \def\captionstyle{\the\toks@}%
+%  \fi
+   \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+%  \leavevmode
+%  \unhbox\bildb@x
+%  \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+  ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+  the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+    \@parboxrestore
+    \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}%
+    \hfill
+    \unhbox\bildb@x
+    \par
+  \endgroup}
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\def\leftlegendglue{\relax}
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=5\p@   % vgap between figure and caption
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=3\p@ % vgap between caption and table
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+   \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+   {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+   \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+   \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newcounter{merk}
+
+\def\endfigure{\resetsubfig\end@float}
+
+\@namedef{endfigure*}{\resetsubfig\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def\resetsubfig{\global\let\last@subfig=\undefined}
+
+\def\r@setsubfig{\xdef\last@subfig{\number\value{figure}}%
+\setcounter{figure}{\value{merk}}%
+\setcounter{merk}{0}}
+
+\def\subfigures{\refstepcounter{figure}%
+   \@tempcnta=\value{merk}%
+   \setcounter{merk}{\value{figure}}%
+   \setcounter{figure}{\the\@tempcnta}%
+   \def\thefigure{\if@numart\else\thechapter.\fi
+   \@arabic\c@merk\alph{figure}}%
+   \let\resetsubfig=\r@setsubfig}
+
+\def\samenumber{\addtocounter{\@captype}{-1}%
+\@ifundefined{last@subfig}{}{\setcounter{merk}{\last@subfig}}}
+
+% redefinition of the "bibliography" environment
+%
+\def\biblstarthook#1{\gdef\biblst@rthook{#1}}
+%
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+\ifx\chpbibl\undefined
+  \def\bibsection{\section*{\refname}\ifx\sectionmark\@gobble\else
+      \markright{\refname}\fi
+      \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\refname}%
+      \mtaddtocont{\protect\contentsline{mtchap}{\refname}{\thepage}\hyperhrefextend}%
+      \csname biblst@rthook\endcsname\par}
+\else
+ \def\bibsection{\chapter*{\refname}\@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}%
+     \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\refname}%
+     \csname biblst@rthook\endcsname\par}
+\fi}
+\ifx\oribibl\undefined % Springer way of life
+   \renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]{\bibsection
+         \global\let\biblst@rthook=\undefined
+         \def\@biblabel##1{##1.}
+         \small
+         \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+              {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+               \leftmargin\labelwidth
+               \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+               \if@openbib
+                 \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+                 \itemindent -\bibindent
+                 \listparindent \itemindent
+                 \parsep \z@
+               \fi
+               \usecounter{enumiv}%
+               \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+               \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+         \if@openbib
+           \renewcommand\newblock{\par}%
+         \else
+           \renewcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em \@plus.33em \@minus.07em}%
+         \fi
+         \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+         \sfcode`\.=\@m}
+        {\def\@noitemerr
+          {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+         \endlist}
+   \def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+        {\let\protect\noexpand\immediate
+        \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\else % original bibliography is required
+   \let\bibname=\refname
+   \renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+     {\chapter*{\bibname
+        \markboth{\bibname}{\bibname}}%
+      \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+           {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+            \leftmargin\labelwidth
+            \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+            \@openbib@code
+            \usecounter{enumiv}%
+            \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+            \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+      \sloppy
+      \clubpenalty4000
+      \@clubpenalty \clubpenalty
+      \widowpenalty4000%
+      \sfcode`\.\@m}
+     {\def\@noitemerr
+       {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+      \endlist}
+\fi
+
+\let\if@threecolind\iffalse
+\def\threecolindex{\let\if@threecolind\iftrue}
+\def\indexstarthook#1{\gdef\indexst@rthook{#1}}
+\renewenvironment{theindex}
+               {\if@twocolumn
+                  \@restonecolfalse
+                \else
+                  \@restonecoltrue
+                \fi
+                \columnseprule \z@
+                \columnsep 1cc
+                \@nobreaktrue
+                \if@threecolind
+                   \begin{multicols}{3}[\chapter*{\indexname}%
+                \else
+                   \begin{multicols}{2}[\chapter*{\indexname}%
+                \fi
+                {\csname indexst@rthook\endcsname}]%
+                \global\let\indexst@rthook=\undefined
+                \markboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+                \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\indexname}%
+                \parindent\z@
+                \rightskip\z@ \@plus 40\p@
+                \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+                \flushbottom
+                \let\item\@idxitem
+                \def\,{\relax\ifmmode\mskip\thinmuskip
+                             \else\hskip0.2em\ignorespaces\fi}%
+                \normalfont\small}
+               {\end{multicols}
+                \global\let\if@threecolind\iffalse
+                \if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+
+\def\idxquad{\hskip 10\p@}% space that divides entry from number
+
+\def\@idxitem{\par\setbox0=\hbox{--\,--\,--\enspace}%
+                  \hangindent\wd0\relax}
+
+\def\subitem{\par\noindent\setbox0=\hbox{--\enspace}% second order
+                \kern\wd0\setbox0=\hbox{--\,--\,--\enspace}%
+                \hangindent\wd0\relax}% indexentry
+
+\def\subsubitem{\par\noindent\setbox0=\hbox{--\,--\enspace}% third order
+                \kern\wd0\setbox0=\hbox{--\,--\,--\enspace}%
+                \hangindent\wd0\relax}% indexentry
+
+\def\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+
+% LaTeX does not provide a command to enter the authors institute
+% addresses. The \institute command is defined here.
+
+\newcounter{@inst}
+\newcounter{@auth}
+\newcounter{auco}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newtoks\tocauthor
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\newtoks\toctitle
+
+\def\clearheadinfo{\gdef\@author{No Author Given}%
+                   \gdef\@title{No Title Given}%
+                   \gdef\@subtitle{}%
+                   \gdef\@institute{}%
+                   \gdef\@thanks{}%
+                   \global\titlerunning={}\global\authorrunning={}%
+                   \global\toctitle={}\global\tocauthor={}}
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\title{\@ifstar\s@title\n@title}
+\def\s@title#1{\gdef\@title{#1}\ds@numart}
+\def\n@title#1{\gdef\@title{#1}\ds@book}
+
+\def\institutename
+ {\begingroup
+ \if!\@institute!\else
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\iand{\\[5pt]\let\and=\nand}%
+ \def\nand{\ifhmode\unskip\nobreak\fi\ $\cdot$ }%
+ \let\and=\nand
+ \def\at{\\\let\and=\iand}%
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent
+ \ignorespaces\@institute}\vspace{5dd}\fi
+ \endgroup
+ }%
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ensuremath{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or
+   {\star{\star}\star}\or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+   \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+   \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi}}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\clearheadinfo
+
+\def\@bfdottedtocline#1#2#3#4#5{%
+  \ifnum #1>\c@minitocdepth \else
+    \par
+    \if@minipage\else\addvspace{5\p@}\fi
+    {\leftskip #2\relax \rightskip \@tocrmarg \advance\rightskip by \z@ \@plus 2cm
+               \parfillskip -\rightskip \pretolerance=10000
+     \parindent #2\relax\@afterindenttrue
+     \interlinepenalty\@M
+     \leavevmode
+     \@tempdima #3\relax
+     \advance\leftskip \@tempdima \null\nobreak\hskip -\leftskip
+     {\bfseries#4}\nobreak
+     \leaders\hbox{$\m@th
+        \mkern \@dotsep mu\hbox{.}\mkern \@dotsep
+        mu$}\hfill
+     \nobreak
+     \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hfil\normalfont \normalcolor #5}%
+     \par\addvspace{5\p@}}%
+  \fi}
+
+\def\@rmdottedtocline#1#2#3#4#5{%
+  \ifnum #1>\c@minitocdepth \else
+    \vskip \z@ \@plus.2\p@
+    {\leftskip #2\relax \rightskip \@tocrmarg \advance\rightskip by \z@ \@plus 2cm
+               \parfillskip -\rightskip \pretolerance=10000
+     \parindent #2\relax\@afterindenttrue
+     \interlinepenalty\@M
+     \leavevmode
+     \@tempdima #3\relax
+     \advance\leftskip \@tempdima \null\nobreak\hskip -\leftskip
+     {#4}\nobreak
+     \leaders\hbox{$\m@th
+        \mkern \@dotsep mu\hbox{.}\mkern \@dotsep
+        mu$}\hfill
+     \nobreak
+     \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hfil\normalfont \normalcolor #5}%
+     \par}%
+  \fi}
+
+%def\l@mtchap{\@bfdottedtocline{1}{\z@}{\tocsectotal}}
+\def\l@mtchap{\@rmdottedtocline{1}{\z@}{\tocsecnum}}
+\def\l@mtsec{\@rmdottedtocline{1}{\tocsecnum}{\tocsubsecnum}}
+
+\newcounter{contribution}
+
+\renewcommand\maketitle{\par\startnewpage
+  \stepcounter{section}%
+  \setcounter{section}{0}%
+  \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+  \setcounter{figure}{0}
+  \setcounter{table}{0}
+  \setcounter{equation}{0}
+  \setcounter{footnote}{0}%
+  \if@numart
+     \stepcounter{chapter}%
+     \addtocounter{chapter}{-1}%
+  \else
+     \refstepcounter{chapter}%
+  \fi
+  \stepcounter{contribution}%
+  \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\immediate\string\closeout\string\minitoc}%
+  \immediate\write\@auxout{\let\MiniTOC=N}%
+% try to be hyperref-compatible
+  \csname phantomsection\endcsname
+  \begingroup
+    \parindent=\z@
+%%%%%%%%%    \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+%
+    \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+    \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+    \renewcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+    \noindent
+    \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}##1\vrule height0pt
+    width0pt depth8pt}
+%
+    \if@twocolumn
+      \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+        \@maketitle
+      \else
+        \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+      \fi
+    \else
+      \newpage
+      \global\@topnum\z@   % Prevents figures from going at top of page.
+      \@maketitle
+    \fi
+    \@ifundefined{thispagecropped}{}{\thispagecropped}
+    \thispagestyle{bchap}\@thanks
+%
+    \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+    \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+    \instindent=\hsize
+    \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+    \if@numart % keine Nummer
+        \if!\the\toctitle!\addcontentsline{toc}{title}{\@title}\else
+        \addcontentsline{toc}{title}{\the\toctitle}\fi
+    \else
+        \if!\the\toctitle!\addcontentsline{toc}{titlech}{\protect\numberline{\thechapter\thechapterend}\@title}\else
+        \addcontentsline{toc}{titlech}{\protect\numberline{\thechapter\thechapterend}\the\toctitle}\fi
+    \fi
+    \if@runhead
+       \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+         \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+       \fi
+       \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm\unboldmath\if@numart\else
+                                   \@seccntformat{chapter}\fi
+                                   \ignorespaces\@title}%
+       \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+          \typeout{Title too long for running head. Please supply}%
+          \typeout{a shorter form with \string\titlerunning\space prior to
+                   \string\maketitle}%
+          \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm
+          Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+       \fi
+       \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+    \fi
+%
+    \if!\the\tocauthor!\relax
+      {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+      \protected@xdef\toc@uthor{\@author}}%
+    \else
+      \def\\{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\newline}%
+      \protected@xdef\scratch{\the\tocauthor}%
+      \protected@xdef\toc@uthor{\scratch}%
+    \fi
+    \addtocontents{toc}{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\authcount{\the\c@auco}}%
+    \if@numart
+       \addcontentsline{toc}{author}{\toc@uthor}%
+    \else
+       \addcontentsline{toc}{authorch}{\toc@uthor}%
+    \fi
+    \if@runhead
+       \if!\the\authorrunning!
+         \value{@inst}=\value{@auth}%
+         \setcounter{@auth}{1}%
+       \else
+         \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+       \fi
+       \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\unboldmath\@author\unskip}%
+       \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+          \typeout{Names of authors too long for running head. Please supply}%
+          \typeout{a shorter form with \string\authorrunning\space prior to
+                   \string\maketitle}%
+          \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rm
+          Authors Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+       \fi
+       \xdef\scratch{\copy\authrun}%
+       \markboth{\scratch}{\@title}%
+     \fi
+  \endgroup
+% \setcounter{footnote}{0}% footnote starts at (\inst+1)
+  \@afterindentfalse\@afterheading
+  \clearheadinfo}
+%
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \markboth{}{}%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{@inst}=2\relax
+                 \unskip{} \andname\
+              \else
+                 \unskip \lastandname\
+              \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{@auth}\relax
+          \ifnum\value{@auth}=\value{@inst}%
+             \lastand
+          \else
+             \unskip,
+          \fi}%
+  \raggedright
+ {\chapnumsize
+  \chapnumstyle
+  \pretolerance=10000
+  \let\\=\newline
+% \@hangfrom{\@svsec}%
+%%%  \@svsec
+  \raggedright
+  \hyphenpenalty \@M
+  \interlinepenalty \@M
+  \if@numart
+     \chap@hangfrom{}%!!!
+  \else
+     \chap@hangfrom{\thechapter\thechapterend\hskip\betweenumberspace}%!!!
+  \fi
+  \ignorespaces
+  \chapsize
+  \chapstyle
+  \@title \par}\vskip .8cm
+\if!\@subtitle!\else {\chapnumsize\chapnumstyle
+  \vskip -.65cm
+  \pretolerance=10000
+  \@subtitle \par}\vskip .8cm\fi
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{@auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{@auth}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \global\value{@inst}=\value{@auth}%
+ \global\value{auco}=\value{@auth}%
+ \setcounter{@auth}{1}%
+{\lineskip .5em
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@author\vskip.35cm}
+ \processmotto % {\small\institutename\par}
+ \institutename
+ \ifdim\pagetotal>157\p@
+     \vskip 11\p@
+ \else
+     \@tempdima=168\p@\advance\@tempdima by-\pagetotal
+     \vskip\@tempdima
+ \fi
+}
+
+\def\email#1{\emailname: \url{#1}}
+
+% Useful environments
+\newenvironment{abbrsymblist}[1][\qquad]
+   {\section*{\abbrsymbname}
+    \mtaddtocont{\protect\contentsline{mtchap}{\abbrsymbname}{\thepage}\hyperhrefextend}
+    \begin{description}[#1]}{\end{description}\addvspace{10\p@}}
+%
+\newenvironment{acknowledgement}{\par\addvspace{17\p@}\small\rm
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep{\bfseries\ackname}]}
+{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6\p@}}
+%
+\newenvironment{noteadd}{\par\addvspace{17\p@}\small\rm
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep{\it\noteaddname}]}
+{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6\p@}}
+%
+\DeclareRobustCommand\abstract{\@ifstar\@abstgobl\@abstract}
+\def\@abstract#1{\noindent\textbf{\abstractname} #1\par
+%\@afterindentfalse
+%\@afterheading
+}
+\def\@abstgobl#1{\par
+%\@afterindentfalse
+%\@afterheading
+}
+%
+\newcommand{\keywords}[1]{\par\addvspace\baselineskip
+\noindent\keywordname\enspace\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+% define the running headings of a twoside text
+\def\runheadsize{\small}
+\def\runheadstyle{\rmfamily\upshape}
+\def\customizhead{\hspace{\headlineindent}}
+
+\def\ps@bchap{%\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+     \let\@oddhead\@empty\let\@evenhead\@empty
+     \def\@oddfoot{\reset@font\small\hfil\thepage}%
+     \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot}
+
+\def\ps@headings{\let\@mkboth\markboth
+   \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+   \def\@evenhead{\runheadsize\runheadstyle\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+                  \leftmark}
+   \def\@oddhead{\runheadsize\runheadstyle\rightmark\hfil
+                  \llap{\thepage}}
+   \def\chaptermark##1{\markboth{{\ifnum\c@secnumdepth>\m@ne
+      \thechapter\thechapterend\hskip\betweenumberspace\fi ##1}}{{\ifnum %!!!
+      \c@secnumdepth>\m@ne\thechapter\thechapterend\hskip\betweenumberspace\fi ##1}}}%!!!
+   \def\sectionmark##1{\markright{{\ifnum\c@secnumdepth>\z@
+      \thesection\hskip\betweenumberspace\fi ##1}}}}
+
+\def\ps@myheadings{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+   \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+   \def\@evenhead{\runheadsize\runheadstyle\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+                  \leftmark}
+   \def\@oddhead{\runheadsize\runheadstyle\rightmark\hfil
+                  \llap{\thepage}}
+   \let\chaptermark\@gobble
+   \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+   \let\subsectionmark\@gobble}
+
+\if@runhead\ps@myheadings\else
+\ps@empty\fi
+
+\endinput
+%end of file svmult.cls